The Indosinian cycle refers to a tectonic stage ranging in age from the Late Permian to the beginning of Jurassic. The In dosinianorogeny took place during the late Middle Triassic to the early Early Jurassic, and it indicates the first intense compression-shear process occurring between the Pacific or and Tethyan Ocean and the Asian continent.Within the Marginal-Pacific Tectonic Domain, the Indosinian orogeny not only folded the Indosinian geosyncline along the eastern margin of the Asian mainland, but also reactivized the continental crust of Eastern China, resulting in folding and overthrusting of basements and covers accompanied by magmatism and mineralization. The Indosinian orogeny closed the North Tethys-Qinling-Songpan-Garze-Sanjiang and its southern extension (Indochina Geosynclines), giving rise to the greatest Indosinian fold system in the world. In the western section of the Central Asian-Mongolian geosyncline, only simple shearing appeared, resulting in nearly horizontal overthrusting, while in the eastern section, strong folding and thrusting, and large-scale magmatism came into being. This was the result of the overprinting of the Marginal Pacific Tectonic Domain upon the Pal-Asian Tectonic Domain.The Indosinian orogeny is of great significance in tectonic development of China and the adjacent countries. It made a final conjunction of the three different continental segments (Yangtze,Sino-Korean and Siberian) in East Asia. It is noted that between the Siberian and Sino-Korean platforms (Central Asian-Mongolian fold system), and between the Sino-Korean and Yang tze paraplatforms (Qinling fold system) occurred strong folding and over-thrusting, and as a result, the earth's crust was further imbricated and shortened. Within the Marginal-Pacific Tectonic Domain, the Indosinian tec-tonism represents the beginning of intense activity of the Bennioff zone in the west Pacific Ocean. Since then, the greater part of eastern China has become reactivized belts of continental margins of the Circum-Pacific. Within the Tethys-Himalayan Tectonic Domain, this orogeny gave rise to a gradual closing of the geosynclinal belt situated in North Tethys, while its south belt,i. e. the Bangong Lake-Nujiang belt and Tethys proper, known as the Yarlung Zangdo River, was further spread and stretched towards the west. And at last Pangea splitted up step by step. In the beginning of Jurassic, Gondwanaland was entirely separated from Laurasia by the Tethyan Ocean.From the point of view of global tectonics, the Indosinian orogeny is also of great importance. It was during the Indosinian cycle that Pangea and Pacifica began to disintegrate; E. suess' Tethys took its original shape; the Pacific tectonic belt showed intense activity. And it was the very Indosinian tectonism that determined the fundamental framework of global tectonics since Meso-Cenozoic times. Therefore, the Indosinian orogeny should be considered as a great turning point in the history of the tectonic development of the earth's crust.

J.Fromaget将印度支那的晚三叠世褶皱称为“印度支那褶皱”(Indosinides)。黄汲清在《中国主要地质构造单位》一书中把中生代初期的造山运动称为印度支那运动(简称印支运动),提出印支旋回的术语。他认为:“印支运动不仅在印度支那和华南有其重要意义,在亚洲其它部分亦然。但由于这个运动被较晚的、压倒一切的燕山运动所隐蔽,要研究出它的性质和分布范围,尚需多年的努力。” 现在,实践已经充分证实了黄汲清的科学预见。新中国成立后,由于地质调查、矿产普查和地质科学研究工作的开展,印支运动的广泛存在及其重要意义已逐步被中、外地质学家所认识和接受。

华南至少经历了4期区域规模的大陆动力学过程,除新元古代和晚中生代具有活动陆缘背景外,均在板块内部发生并完成。华夏块体是一个以新元古代岩石为主体构成的前南华纪基底,不是稳定的克拉通古陆,经历了聚合-裂解-再聚合的复杂构造演化。志留纪发生的板内碰撞-拼合事件使华夏块体与扬子块体再次缝合,形成真正统一的中国南方大陆。在震旦纪—早侏罗世期间,整个华南基本处于陆内滨海-浅海-斜坡环境,内部没有切穿岩石圈的断层,没有大规模幔源岩浆和火山喷发的记录,多次构造变形与岩浆活动均在统一的华南岩石圈之上进行。经过早—中侏罗世的构造体制转换,才演化成为晚中生代西太平洋活动大陆边缘的一部分。从早到晚,华南岩石圈经历了多期、幕式的生长,以侧向增生为主(块体拼合),垂向生长为辅(岩浆上侵)。到晚中生代,在古太平洋板块俯冲和陆内伸展的背景下,形成了独特的华南盆岭构造。长期的板内构造演化和多期的花岗岩浆活动使华南具有很好的成矿条件,成为各种矿产与资源的富集区。新元古代南华纪和晚中生代晚侏罗世—早白垩世是华南最有利的成矿期,尤以后者矿种最多、储量最大。

华南地区中生代动力体制经历了从特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域的转换,但对这种动力体制转换发生的时间和产生的地质效应则存在不同的认识。通过分析华南印支—早燕山构造层(D—J1-2)广泛发育的褶皱构造,识别了早中生代两个世代褶皱构造的横跨叠加型式,发现早期近东西向褶皱构造具有南北成带、晚期NNE向褶皱构造具有东西分区的区域展布特征。基于地层接触关系和早中生代岩浆岩和火山岩同位素年代学数据统计分析,认为这两组叠加褶皱构造清楚地记录了华南早中生代两期挤压事件,近东西向褶皱是对印支早期华南地块南北边缘碰撞造山事件的远程响应,NNE向褶皱则起源于燕山早期((170±5)Ma)古太平洋板块向华南大陆之下低角度俯冲作用,两者发生转换的时代在中晚侏罗世之交。伴随这两期构造挤压而产生的地壳增厚分别诱发了华夏地块三叠纪和晚侏罗世地壳深熔作用和岩浆侵入活动。华南两组叠加褶皱构造的识别为进一步探讨早中生代从碰撞动力构造体系向俯冲动力构造体系转换提供了关键的构造地质学依据。

Mesozoic tectonic regime underwent the transform from the Meso-Tethyan tectonic domain to the west Pacific tectonic domain, which caused intense intraplate orogenesis and magmatism in South China, forming a wide and complex intracontinental orogen and igneous province in this region of East Asia. Some progresses have been achieved recently in the study of this Mesozoic tectonics of South China, which are summarized as follows: (1) On the basis of field analysis of fault kinematics affecting different lithostratigraphic units of the Yuanma basin in central South China, a five-stage tectonic stress evolution history from Late Mesozoic to Early Cenozoic period was established, which included Middle-Late Jurassic E-W compression, Early Cretaceous NW-SE extension, Early Cretaceous NW-SE compression, Late Cretaceous N-S extension and Paleogene NE-SW compression. The change in tectonic stress directions was interpreted in terms of the change either in plate tectonic settings or in deep-seated crustal process. (2) Superposed folds involving Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic strata in Hunan Province were recognized; it is considered that these cross folds might record the effects of plate boundary tectonics, i.e., the earlier W-E to WNW-ESE trending folds were formed in response to the Triassic collision of the South China Block with the North China Block and the Indochina Block, and the late NE to NNE trending folds were generated as the far-field effect of a low angle subduction of the Paleo-Pacific oceanic plate beneath the South China Block, which occurred in Mid-Late Jurassic. (3) The Hengshan metamorphic core complex was determined on the basis of detailed field investigation of a normal detachment fault zone developed along the western margin. SHRIPM U-Pb dating of zircons from strongly sheared albite made sure that the normal faulting was initiated in Early Cretaceous, at about 137 Ma. (4) Field observations and U-Pb dating of zircons revealed that the Changle-Nan’ao tectonic zone along the coast of southeast China corresponds to a Late Mesozoic orogenic zone formed in Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous; it was materialized by gneissic granites, migmatites and amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks, which were dated to be 147-135 Ma. This orogenic zone began to collapse in 135-117 Ma, characterized by fine-grained granites. Based on the above results, this paper discusses the manifestations and plate tectonic backgrounds of the Indosinian and Yanshannian movements, and the time of the change from the compressive tectonic regime to the extensional region in Early Cretaceous.

华南地区中生代构造动力体制经历了从特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域的转换, 由此产生了强烈的陆内造山作用和岩浆活动, 形成了复杂构造组合的晚中生代陆内造山带和火成岩省。本项研究在下列几个方面取得了新的进展: (1)通过对雪峰山地区沅麻盆地的野外调查和构造测量, 确定了该盆地晚中生代-早新生代5期构造应力场及其演替序列: 中晚侏罗世近W—E向挤压、早白垩世NW—SE向伸展、早白垩世中晚期NW—SE向挤压、晚白垩世近N—S向伸展、古近纪晚期NE—SW向挤压。构造应力场方向的变化记录了不同板缘的动力作用对该区的影响。(2)识别了湖南地区晚古生代-早中生代海相地层中发育的横跨叠加褶皱构造, 并基于地层接触关系和已有火成岩同位素年代学数据分析, 认为该地区横跨叠加褶皱构造记录了中生代两期构造挤压和地壳增厚事件: 早期近东西向褶皱构造是对三叠纪华南地块南北边缘大陆碰撞和增生作用的远程响应, 晚期NE—NNE向褶皱构造则是对中晚侏罗世古太平洋板块向华南大陆之下低角度俯冲作用的变形响应。(3)对湖南衡山西缘拆离断裂带的变形结构和运动学特征进行了详细的调查和构造测量, 确定了衡山变质核杂岩构造, 并对拆离带中韧性剪切变形的钠长岩脉的锆石进行了SHRIMP U-Pb测年, 从而确定了华南地区伸展构造的起始时代约137 Ma, 即早白垩世早中期。(4)通过锆石U-Pb年代学测试分析, 揭示了东南沿海长乐—南澳构造带早白垩世2期构造-岩浆事件: 早期(147~135 Ma)表现为强烈的混合岩化作用和深熔作用形成的片麻状花岗岩、花岗片麻岩等; 晚期(135~117 Ma)岩浆岩以含石榴子石花岗岩为主。这个结果表明东南沿海构造带是晚中生代陆缘造山带, 造山作用可能起始于晚侏罗世, 于早白垩世早中期(135 Ma)以来发生伸展垮塌。在上述研究结果的基础上, 探讨了华南地区三叠纪“印支运动”和中、晚侏罗世“燕山运动”的表现及其产生的板块构造动力体制及其转换时代、早白垩世从挤压构造应力体制向伸展构造应力体制转变的时间节点。

华南地壳演化的特点是岩浆、构造活动多期多阶段,晚期活动的影响不断地叠加在早期活动历史上,从而增加了研究的难度。然而,在以往的研究基础上,综合运用现代的高精度年代学分析技术和多元同位素体系研究方法,将有可能揭示华南地壳增长和构造演化的复杂历史。本文将综合作者近年来对华南褶皱带和扬子地台南缘的研究和最新资料做一小结。

与柿竹园超大型钨多金属矿床有关的千里山花岗岩属铝质碱性花岗岩．矿区内玄武岩、碱性岩、花岗岩的时空组合及岩石化学、微量元素和Ｎｄ，Ｐｂ，Ｓｒ，Ｏ同位素组成特征一致表明，该超大型矿床形成过程中伴有较强烈的深源岩浆活动，壳幔相互作用对柿竹园超大型矿床的形成有重要贡献．

在南岭花岗岩带中燕山早期的岩浆岩套花岗岩类占绝对优势,以二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩为主.在岩带的东段赣南和闽西南地区,存在燕山早期的A型花岗岩类（176～178 Ma）和双峰式火山岩（158～179 Ma）组合,在岩带中部湘南地区存在燕山早期的玄武岩类（177～178Ma）.赣南地区的双峰式火山岩组合中酸性端员流纹岩和A型花岗岩类同具有板内花岗质岩石的地球化学特征,基性端员玄武岩为板内拉斑玄武岩,湘南地区的玄武质岩石不仅为板内拉斑玄武岩而且发育有板内碱性玄武岩.鉴此,南岭地区燕山早期的岩浆岩套无疑是一种典型的后造山（Post-orogenic）岩石组合.后造山岩套是后碰撞（Post-collisi

湘东北早中生代花岗闪长岩(约165 Ma)Si02=65.4%～69.65%,K20+Na20=6.0%～7.17%,K2O≈Na20,A/NKC=O.96～1.13,为弱过铝质钙碱性岩石.该花岗闪长岩(La/Yb)CN=12.75～37.50,(Gd/Yb)cN=1.28～2.90,Eu/Eu =O.62～0.90,以富集LILE和亏损Nb-Ta、Ti、P为特征.初始87Sr/86Sr=0.711458～0.717461,εNd=-9.0～-12.3,其同位素组成明显有别于被认为其成因与地幔派生岩浆有关的湘东南高钾花岗闪长质岩石.暗示湘东北早中生代花岗闪长岩可能是在华南早中生代伸展构造背景下中/下地壳物质深熔作用的产物.湘东北早中生代代表性花岗闪长质岩石不能与湘东南同期花岗闪长质岩石一起构成一条连续的高εNd、低TDM钾质岩石带.

This paper has studied characteristic values and upward changing tendency ofεNd(t),t2DMand fANd in granitic rocks of 430 granite body as well as the variation of these values in linear- and planar-greisens of Xi-anghualing. Nd isotopic characteristics of rocks suggest that the granite resulted from the mixing of the crust material with the mantle material, and that the mantle material derived from the deep source got into and was distributed unevenly in the granite body. The mantle material might have mainly taken the form of mantle fluid to join the process of granitic evolution. Under the Mesozoic background of lithosphere thinning in East China,the mantle fluid underplating induced the remelting of Mesoproterozoic strata, forming granitic magma.

研究了香花岭地区430花岗岩体由深部到浅部以及线状云英岩、面状云英岩的εNd(t)、t2DM值、fND^A值变化特征。Nd同位素特征说明该花岗岩为壳―幔组分混合的花岗岩，同时反映了源自深部的幔源物质加入及其在岩体中分布的不均一性，认为地幔物质可能主要是以地幔流体的形式加入，在华南中生代岩石圈减薄的背景下，幔源流体底侵诱导中元古代地层重熔。

Abstract: A typical bimodal volcanic rock association, composed of basalt and rhyolitic volcanic rocks, is distributed in the Mesozoic Linjiang volcanic-sedimentary basin, which is located in the eastern segment of the Nanling tectono-magmatic belt and controlled by the Sannan-Xunwu fault belt. The Rb-Sr isochron ages of the basic end-member (basalt) and acid end-member (rhyolite) of the bimodal association in the Changpu Formation of the Yutian Group in the Linjiang area are 173.7 ± 2.5 Ma and 174 .9 ± 3.9 Ma respectively. Thus it is ascertained that the bimodal volcanic rock association is of Middle Jurassic age. This provides convincing isotope age evidence for the extension and break-up of the eastern segment of the Nanling during the Early Yanshanian.

提要：位于南岭构造岩浆带东段，受三南—寻邬断裂带控制的临江中生代火山沉积盆地内发育一套由玄武岩及流纹质火山岩组成的十分典型的双峰式火山岩组合。对临江地区余田群菖蒲组中存在的双峰式火山岩组合进行了Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素定年研究，确定其基性端元（玄武岩）和酸性端元（流纹岩）的Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄分别为（１７３．７±２．５）Ｍａ和（１７４．９±３．９）Ｍａ，从而确认余田群菖蒲组双峰式火山岩的形成时代为中侏罗世。这为南岭东段在燕山早期发生的伸展裂解构造事件提供了可信的同位素年龄证据。

SHRIMP锆石 U-Pb年龄测定结果表明,赣南全南正长岩的形成年龄为 (161± 4) Ma.受地壳混染影响程度最低的正长岩样品具高钾( K2O/Na2O≥ 1)、富集大离子亲石元素、轻稀土元素和高场强元素( Nb/La≈ 1.4、 Nb/Th≈ 15)、ε Nd(t)≈+ 3.4的特征,属板内"裂谷型"钾质碱性岩(和桂东南地区侏罗纪正长岩类似),而明显不同于"岛弧型"钾质碱性岩.上述结果以及区域岩浆岩组合特征表明,华南内陆侏罗纪的构造环境类似于板内裂谷或"盆岭构造".

通过40Ar/39Ar年代学、元素、同位素地球化学研究,在赣中地区安塘组上部厘定了早中生代OIB型碱性岩浆作用.研究表明,位于赣中安塘组上部的玄武岩为碱性橄榄玄武岩,形成于168Ma,具有狭窄的元素、同位素变化范围,地壳混染作用不明显,经历了橄榄石和单斜辉石的结晶分异.其LILE和HFSE富集,Nb/La=1.4～1.5,Ce/Pb=21～25,Nb/U=42～45,εNd(t)=+5.22～+6.58,(87Sr/86Sr)I=0.703 13～0.70336,具有Hawaii-OIB型元素、同位素地球化学特征,是含石榴子石橄榄岩低度部分熔融的产物,其起源与软流圈地幔上涌和岩石圈伸展减薄有关.这为华夏陆块早中生代岩石圈伸展减薄提供了更为直接的证据.

在全球Rodinia超大陆的构造框架中,华夏地块占有突出的地位.然而,华夏地块在国内一直存在不同认识,其核心一是年龄,二是范围.根据出露在研究区的中-高级变质岩、韧滑流变形迹和近年大批高质量测年数据,认为华南曾经存在过一个前成冰纪的古老基底,由元古代片岩、片麻岩、混合岩等组成,原岩为碎屑岩、火山岩和深成侵入岩,最老年龄达2 Ga,习称华夏地块,但范围比Grabau描述的要小.在8～9亿年间,伴随古华南洋的闭合,华夏地块与扬子陆块碰撞聚合,成为Rodinia超大陆的一部分.聚合不久,受成冰纪Rodinia超大陆裂解事件的影响,原华夏地块被肢解成浙南-闽北、赣中-赣南和云开大山三个古陆残块,中间是裂谷或海槽.其裂解残块集中分布在绍兴-江山-萍乡断裂和政和-大埔断裂之间的地带内,结束了其完整古陆块的历史.震旦纪-早古生代,这些海槽被进一步扩张变宽,其内被巨厚的碎屑岩(含灰岩)、浊积岩层所充填,但缺少同期蛇绿岩和火山岩,暗示拉张强度没有深达上地幔,为一被动陆缘环境.最新年代学结果表明,原定早古生代的蛇绿岩和火山岩均为前震旦纪的年龄,8～9亿年居多,原先的早古生代构造格架需要再研究.到志留纪,华南发生了强烈的构造-热事件,导致震旦纪-早古生代海槽关闭,巨厚沉积物褶皱隆升,在元古代变质基底上形成了加里东期褶皱造山带.其造山的驱动力目前尚未明确.此期褶皱变形、韧滑流变非常普遍,有推覆与走滑两种,变形峰期在420～400 Ma.同时,还发生了强烈的花岗岩浆活动,岩浆峰期为430～400 Ma,但绝大多数是过铝质的S型花岗岩,I型花岗岩少见.之后,晚泥盆世砂砾岩层呈角度不整合大规模地覆盖在整个华南前泥盆纪岩层之上;至此,研究区和江南等邻区的沉积环境与古地理才得以真正统一.

正南岭构造带发育在强烈褶皱变形的基底之上,发育了华南地区最大规模的早中生代花岗岩和裂谷盆地。基底由变质的新元古代-奥陶纪复理石-山岩系和未变质的晚泥盆世-早三叠世沉积岩系所组成。与南岭带构造演化关系最为密切的区域断裂带有萍乡-桂林、龙岩-海丰、赣江等五条,制约着中、新生代岩体和盆地的分布、规模和产状。无论是物质来源还是形成与演化的动力学背景,南岭构造带均离不开其北面