Genetic mechanism and risk assessment of typical geological hazards in mountainous and hilly areas of South China
TIE Yongbo1, SUN Qiang2, XU Yong3, ZHANG Yong4, WEI Yunjie5, YANG Xiuyuan6, ZHANG Taili2, TAN Jianmin3
1. Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey, Sichuan Chengdu 610081, China; 2. Nanjing Center of China Geological Survey, Jiangsu Nanjing 210016, China; 3. Wuhan Center of China Geological Survey, Hubei Wuhan 430205, China; 4. Institute of Exploration Technology, China Academy of Geological Sciences, Sichuan Chengdu 611734, China; 5. China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China; 6. Hydrogeology and Environmental Center, China Academy of Geological Sciences, Hebei Baoding 071051, China
Abstract：The mountainous and hilly area of South China has a large geographical span, with complex geological hazard pregnant background and diverse disaster modes, and it is an area with dense distribution of geological hazards in China. Aiming at the potential risk of geological hazards in mountainous and hilly areas of South China, the authors in this paper systematically analyze the climatic dynamic characteristics and geological structure background of geological hazard in mountainous and hilly areas of South China, based on progress of the implementation of “geological hazard investigation project in mountainous and hilly areas of South China” by China Geological Survey. The disaster models of typical geological hazards and the demonstration results of multi-scale risk inve-stigation and evaluation are analyzed, and the formation mechanism and provenance erosion mechanism of typical typhoon geological hazards in southeast coastal areas, karst collapse in South China, moraine soil debris flow in southwest Alpine mountainous areas and post fire debris flow in Western Sichuan Plateau are revealed. On this basis, a multi-scale geological hazard risk assessment demonstration based on counties, key towns and typical disaster points in mountainous and hilly areas of South China was carried out, and the relevant results were applied in the planning and route selection of major projects in Southwestern China and the relocation site selection of counties.
铁永波, 孙强, 徐勇, 张勇, 魏云杰, 杨秀元, 张泰丽, 谭建民. 南方山地丘陵区典型地质灾害成因机制与风险评价[J]. 中国地质调查, 2022, 9(4): 1-9.
TIE Yongbo, SUN Qiang, XU Yong, ZHANG Yong, WEI Yunjie, YANG Xiuyuan, ZHANG Taili, TAN Jianmin. Genetic mechanism and risk assessment of typical geological hazards in mountainous and hilly areas of South China. , 2022, 9(4): 1-9.
[1] 崔鹏. 中国山地灾害研究进展与未来应关注的科学问题[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(2):145-152. Cui P.Progress and prospects in research on mountain hazards in China[J].Prog Geogr,2014,33(2):145-152. [2] 殷跃平. 三峡库区重大地质灾害及防治研究进展[J].岩土工程界,2004,7(8):20-26. Yin Y P.Progress on major geological hazards and their mitigation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J].Geotech Eng World,2004,7(8):20-26. [3] 谢洪. 成昆铁路北段泥石流及其综合防治原理[J].地球科学进展,1992,7(5):83-84. Xie H.Debris flow in north section of Chengdu-Kunming Rail-way and its comprehensive prevention principle[J].Adv Earth Sci,1992,7(5):83-84. [4] 唐邦兴. 中国泥石流[M].北京:商务印书馆,2000. Tang B X.Debris flows in China[M].Beijing:The Commercial Press,2000. [5] 刘传正. 我国地质灾害防治取得卓越成就[J].中国减灾,2019(19):20-23. Liu C Z.Remarkable achievements have been made in the prevention and control of geological hazards in China[J].Dis Reduct China,2019(19):20-23. [6] 铁永波,徐勇,张勇,等.南方山地丘陵区地质灾害调查工程主要进展与成果[J].中国地质调查,2020,7(2):1-12. Tie Y B,Xu Y,Zhang Y,et al.Main progresses and achievements of geological hazards survey in hilly area of southern China[J].Geol Surv China,2020,7(2):1-12. [7] Bai Y J,Wang Y S,Ge H,et al.Slope structures and formation of rock-soil aggregate landslides in deeply incised valleys[J].J Mt Sci,2020,17(2):316-328. [8] Gao Y C,Chen N S,Hu G S,et al.Magnitude-frequency relationship of debris flows in the Jiangjia Gully,China[J].J Mt Sci,2019,16(6):1289-1299. [9] Zhang T L,Zhou A G,Sun Q,et al.Hydrological response chara-cteristics of landslides under typhoon-triggered rainstorm conditions[J].China Geol,2020,3(3):455-461. [10] Cao P,Chen Z,Zhang S T,et al.Locking effect of granodiorite porphyry veins on the deformation of Baige landslide (eastern Tibetan plateau,Tibet)[J].Arab J Geosci,2021,14(21):2224. [11] Xu W,Feng W K.Application of slope radar (S-SAR) in emergency monitoring of the “11.03” Baige Landslide[J].Math Probl Eng,2021,2021:2060311. [12] Zhang Y F,Tie Y B,Wang L Q,et al.CT scanning of structural characteristics of glacial till in Moxi River Basin,Sichuan Pro-vince[J].Appl Sci,2022,12(6):3040. [13] 张勇,刘宇,胡小龙,等.怒江高阶地的发现及其地质环境意义[J].科学技术与工程,2021,21(5):1713-1720. Zhang Y,Liu Y,Hu X L,et al.The discovery of high terrace of the Nujiang River and its geological environment significance[J].Sci Technol Eng,2021,21(5):1713-1720. [14] 杨秀元,付杰,韩旭东,等.三峡库区万州至巫山段城镇地质灾害调查进展[J].中国地质调查,2021,8(1):97-107. Yang X Y,Fu J,Han X D,et al.Progress of geological hazards survey in the urban area from Wanzhou to Wushan in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Geol Surv China,2021,8(1):97-107. [15] 张勇,胡小龙,刘宇,等.怒江上江镇一级阶地上覆粗颗粒土成因探讨[J].科学技术与工程,2020,20(36):14804-14808. Zhang Y,Hu X L,Liu Y,et al.The cause of formation of coarse-grained soil on the first terrace of Nujiang River Shangjiang Town in Yunnan Province[J].Sci Technol Eng,2020,20(36):14804-14808. [16] 王家柱,高延超,冉涛,等.川藏铁路交通廊道某大型古滑坡成因及失稳模式分析[J].现代地质,2021,35(1):18-25. Wang J Z,Gao Y C,Ran T,et al.Analysis of genetic mechanism and failure mode of a large paleo-landslide in Sichuan-Tibet railway transportation corridor[J].Geoscience,2021,35(1):18-25. [17] 熊小辉,白永健,铁永波.川西雅江地区构造-岩石变形特征及其控灾机制[J].现代地质,2021,35(1):145-152. Xiong X H,Bai Y J,Tie Y B.Geological structure and rock deformation characteristics and their geohazard-controlling mechanism in Yajiang Area,West Sichuan[J].Geoscience,2021,35(1):145-152. [18] 梁京涛,铁永波,赵聪,等.基于贴近摄影测量技术的高位崩塌早期识别技术方法研究[J].中国地质调查,2020,7(5):107-113. Liang J T,Tie Y B,Zhao C,et al.Technology and method research on the early detection of high-level collapse based on the nap-of-the-object photography[J].Geol Surv China,2020,7(5):107-113. [19] 王俊豪,管建军,魏云杰,等.德钦县城直溪河泥石流成灾模式及运动过程模拟[J].水文地质工程地质,2021,48(6):187-195. Wang J H,Guan J J,Wei Y J,et al.A study of the disaster model and movement process simulation of debris flow in the Zhixi River of Deqin County[J].Hydrogeol Eng Geol,2021,48(6):187-195. [20] 冉涛,周洪福,徐伟,等.川西交通廊道雅安—泸定段典型岩质边坡失稳模式、破坏机理及防治措施[J].自然灾害学报,2020,29(4):200-212. Ran T,Zhou H F,Xu W,et al.Research on the instability modes,failure mechanisms,and preventive measures of representative rock slopes within Ya’an-Luding section of the western Sichuan transportation corridor[J].J Nat Dis,2020,29(4):200-212. [21] 戴可人,铁永波,许强,等.高山峡谷区滑坡灾害隐患InSAR早期识别——以雅砻江中段为例[J].雷达学报,2020,9(3):554-568. Dai K R,Tie Y B,Xu Q,et al.Early identification of potential landslide Geohazards in alpine-canyon terrain based on SAR interferometry:A case study of the middle section of Yalong river[J].J Radars,2020,9(3):554-568. [22] 铁永波,徐如阁,刘洪,等.西昌市泸山地区典型火后泥石流特征与成因机制研究——以响水沟左岸3#支沟为例[J].中国地质调查,2020,7(3):82-88. Tie Y B,Xu R G,Liu H,et al.Study on the characteristics and formation mechanism of the typical post-fire debris flow in Lushan area of Xichang City:A case study of 3# branch on the left bank of Xiangshuigou[J].Geol Surv China,2020,7(3):82-88. [23] 梁京涛,马志刚,赵聪,等.西南深切河谷区滑坡早期识别及斜坡微地貌动态演化特征研究——以北川县白什乡老街后山滑坡为例[J].灾害学,2020,35(2):122-126,135. Liang J T,Ma Z G,Zhao C,et al.The research of early identification of landslide and dynamic evolution of slope microtopography in deep valley of Southwest China:A case study of the landslide in the Ancient Street of Baishi Township,Beichuan County[J].J Catastrophol,2020,35(2):122-126,135. [24] 孙强,张泰丽,伍剑波,等.浙南花岗岩残积土物质结构及工程地质特性研究[J].地质论评,2020,66(s1):163-166. Sun Q,Zhang T L,Wu J B,et al.Material structure and engineering geological characteristics of granite residual soil in southern Zhejiang Province[J].Geol Rev,2020,66(s1):163-166. [25] 白永健,倪化勇,葛华.青藏高原东南缘活动断裂地质灾害效应研究现状[J].地质力学学报,2019,25(6):1116-1128. Bai Y J,Ni H Y,Ge H.Advances in research on the geohazard effect of active faults on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].J Geomech,2019,25(6):1116-1128. [26] 铁永波,徐伟,梁京涛,等.川藏铁路卡子拉山滑坡发育特征与防灾减灾对策[J].水文地质工程地质,2021,48(5):129-136. Tie Y B,Xu W,Liang J T,et al.Characteristics of Kazila mou-ntain landslide and its mitigation measures on the Sichuan-Tibet Railway[J].Hydrogeol Eng Geol,2021,48(5):129-136. [27] 杨顺,佘涛,张勇,等.怒江云南段高山峡谷区泥石流堵河危险研究[J].地质论评,2021,67(s1):25-27. Yang S,She T,Zhang Y,et al.The research on the hazard risk of blocking river in Nujiang great valley,Yunnan Province[J].Geol Rev,2021,67(s1):25-27. [28] 赵聪,铁永波,梁京涛.基于机载LiDAR技术的泥石流物源侵蚀量定量评价研究[J/OL].沉积与特提斯地质,2021,doi:10.19826/j.cnki.1009-3850.2021.09004. Zhao C,Tie Y B,Liang J T.Quantitative evaluation of debris flow provenance erosion based on Airborne LiDAR Technology[J/OL].Sedimen Geol Tethyan Geol,2021,doi:10.19826/j.cnki.1009-3850.2021.09004. [29] 铁永波,阮崇飞,杨顺,等.云南省贡山县“5·25”暴雨诱发地质灾害的特征与形成机制[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(2):10-15,24. Tie Y B,Ruan C F,Yang S,et al.Characteristics and mechanism of geological disasters induced by “5·25” rainstorm in Gongshan County of Yunnan Province[J].Bull Soil Water Conserv,2021,41(2):10-15,24. [30] 铁永波,蹇代君.从巨震中归来九寨沟“疗伤”的背后[J].中国国家地理,2021(7):86-99. Tie Y B,Jian D J.Returning from the earthquake-behind Jiuzhaigou “healing”[J].Chin Nat Geogr,2021(7):86-99. [31] 铁永波,徐伟,向炳霖,等.西南地区地质灾害风险“点面双控”体系构建与思考[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(3):106-113. Tie Y B,Xu W,Xiang B L,et al.The thoughts on construction of “double-control of point and zone” system of geological hazard risk in southwest China[J].Chin J Geol Hazard Control,2022,33(3):106-113. [32] 邹凤钗,冷洋洋,陶小郎,等.基于斜坡单元的滑坡风险识别——以贵州万山浅层土质斜坡为例[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(3):114-122. Zou F C,Leng Y Y,Tao X L,et al.Landslide hazard identification based on slope unit:A case study of shallow soil slope in Wanshan,Guizhou Province[J].Chin J Geol Hazard Control,2022,33(3):114-122. [33] 李光辉,铁永波,白永建,等.则木河断裂带(普格段)地质灾害发育规律及易发性评价[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(3):123-133. Li G H,Tie Y B,Bai Y J,et al.Distribution and susceptibility assessment of geological hazards in Zemuhe fault zone (Puge section)[J].Chin J Geol Hazard Control,2022,33(3):123-133. [34] 易靖松,王峰,程英建,等.高山峡谷区地质灾害危险性评价——以四川省阿坝县为例[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2022,33(3):134-142. Yi J S,Wang F,Cheng Y J,et al.Study on the risk assessment of geological disasters in alpine valley area:A case study in Aba County,Sichuan Province[J].Chin J Geol Hazard Control,2022,33(3):134-142.
2022, Vol. 9 
