广西防城港近岸表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价

doi:10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.01.09

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摘要为了解防城港近岸海域表层沉积物重金属分布及污染特征,系统采集了19件研究区的表层沉积物样品,检测了7种重金属元素的含量。测试结果表明: 研究区表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg 和As 含量均符合政府制定的海洋功能区划要求。单因子潜在生态危害指数法评价结果显示,不同重金属潜在生态危害排序为Hg>Cu>Cd>As>Pb>Cr>Zn,除Hg外均属于低生态风险。综合潜在风险评价指数显示除F17和F19站位潜在生态风险等级为高外,其他站位潜在生态风险等级为中或低,其中Hg是潜在风险的主要控制元素。地质累积指数评价表明企沙半岛南部区域存在轻微的Cu、Hg污染,且这2种元素含量在部分站位处于阈值效应含量和可能效应含量之间,存在一定的概率引发毒性。相关性分析和主成分分析综合显示,Pb、Cr和As主要受陆源输入沉积的影响; Cu和Zn主要来自船体防腐涂料和工业污水; Cd和Hg的来源相对多元,既有陆源河流汇入,也有来自电镀、石油燃烧、生活工业污水和海水养殖的影响。

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	庞国涛
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	李伟

关键词 ：防城港, 表层沉积物, 重金属, 地质累积指数, 潜在生态风险

Abstract：In order to investigate the distribution and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments of Fangchenggang inshore, the authors in this paper systematically collected 19 surface sediment samples in the study area to test 7 heavy metal elements. The results show that the average contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg and As in surface sediments are accordance with the requirements of marine functional zoning formulated by the government. The evaluation of single factor potential ecological risk index method indicates the potential ecological hazards of various heavy metals are Hg > Cu > Cd > As > Pb > Cr > Zn, which all belongs to low ecological risk except Hg. Low or medium potential risk is displayed by the potential risk index except station F17 and F19, and Hg was the main controlling factor for potential risk. The evaluation of geological accumulation index shows that there was slight pollution of Cu and Hg in the southern Qisha Peninsula, and the contents of these two ele-ments were between the threshold effect content and the possible effect content in some stations, meaning a certain probability of causing toxicity. Pb, Cr and As were mainly affected by terrigenous input sedimentation according to the correlation analysis and principal component analysis. While Cu and Zn were mainly from hull anti-corro-sion coatings and industrial sewage. The sources of Cd and Hg were relatively diversified, including both land-based rivers and electroplating, oil combustion, domestic or industrial sewage and mariculture.

Key words： Fangchenggang surface sediments heavy metals geological accumulation index potential ecological risk

收稿日期: 2021-09-06

中图分类号:	X142
	P595

基金资助:中国地质调查局“广西钦州湾海岸带综合地质调查(编号: DD20191024)”项目资助

作者简介: 庞国涛(1990—),男,工程师,主要从事海岸带环境地质调查与评价工作。Email: pgt5241@163.com。

引用本文:

庞国涛, 阎琨, 李伟. 广西防城港近岸表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价[J]. 中国地质调查, 2022, 9(1): 82-90.
PANG Guotao, YAN Kun, LI Wei. Distribution characteristics and pollution assessment of heavy metals in coastal surface sediments of Fangchenggang in Guangxi. , 2022, 9(1): 82-90.

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