Geochemical process and ecogeological effects of bedrock weathering in the rocky desertification area of Guizhou Province
HUANG Yanpeng1, LIU Jianyu2, ZHANG Ce1, JIE Wenhui1, KANG Yihua3
1. Aerial Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050002, China; 2. China Aero Geophysical Survey & Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China; 3. China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract：Rocky desertification is widely distributed in karst areas of Southwest China, especially in Guizhou Province, posing a serious threat to the local ecological environment security. In order to clarify the internal relationship between the bedrock weathering and the degree of rocky desertification, the authors in this paper comprehensively analyzed the content of major and trace elements and the law of migration and evolution, mineral composition characteristics, and the ability of weathering and soil formation for the rocky desertification sections with different desertification degree in Guizhou Province. The results show that the soil material in rocky desertification area is the result of soluble material dissolution in carbonate rocks and the continuous accumulation of acid insoluble material in situ. The rocky desertification sections with different degrees are in a high degree of weathering, and mineral weathering trend in sections, also shows that the higher the degree of rocky desertification, the higher the degree of soil layer weathering phenomenon. The development of rocky desertification is closely related to the migration model of elements in the process of bedrock weathering. The higher the content of soluble elements in carbonate bedrocks, the less the residual soil material produced by bedrock weathering, and the higher the development degree of rocky desertification. The analysis of the geochemical characteristics of bedrock and ecological geological effects of weathering in the rocky desertification area could provide some references for the study of the genetic mechanism of rocky desertification, and is also of great significance to the rocky desertification controlling and the promotion of the sustainable development of regional economy.
黄燕鹏, 刘建宇, 张策, 揭文辉, 亢益华. 贵州石漠化区基岩风化地球化学过程及生态地质效应[J]. 中国地质调查, 2024, 11(4): 62-71.
HUANG Yanpeng, LIU Jianyu, ZHANG Ce, JIE Wenhui, KANG Yihua. Geochemical process and ecogeological effects of bedrock weathering in the rocky desertification area of Guizhou Province. , 2024, 11(4): 62-71.
[1] 肖春蕾,聂洪峰,刘建宇,等.生态-地质作用模式: 诠释表生地质过程与生态特征的耦合[J].中国地质调查,2021,8(6):9-24. Xiao C L,Nie H F,Liu J Y,et al.Ecological and geological interaction model:the coupling of supergene geological processes and ecological characteristics[J].Geological Survey of China,2021,8(6):9-24. [2] 王世杰. 喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(2):101-105. Wang S J.Concept deduction and its connotation of karst rocky desertification[J].Carsologica Sinica,2002,21(2):101-105. [3] 左雪. 喀斯特生态环境治理下土壤保持功能对石漠化的响应机制分析[J].林业科技情报,2023,55(1):20-23. Zuo X.Analysis on the response mechanism of soil conservation function to rocky desertification under the control of karst ecological environment[J].Forestry Science and Technology Information,2023,55(1):20-23. [4] 宁小斌,吴协保,黄俊威,等.岩溶地区第四次石漠化调查主要结果及防治形势分析[J].林业资源管理,2023(3):9-14. Ning X B,Wu X B,Huang J W,et al.Main results of the fourth rocky desertification survey in karst area and analysis of rocky desertification control situation[J].Forest Resources Management,2023(3):9-14. [5] 刘琦,廖启迪,姚邦杰.碳酸盐岩的物性特征对岩溶石漠化成因的影响[J].实验室科学,2021,24(2):87-94,98. Liu Q,Liao Q D,Yao B J.Influence of physical characteristics of carbonate rocks on the genesis of karst rocky desertification[J].Laboratory Science,2021,24(2):87-94,98. [6] 章明奎,姚玉才,邱志腾,等.中国南方碳酸盐岩发育土壤的成土特点与系统分类[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2019,45(1):54-65. Zhang M K,Yao Y C,Qiu Z T,et al.Pedogenetic characteristics and taxonomic classification of soils developed from carbonate rocks in the south of China[J].Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Science),2019,45(1):54-65. [7] 孙承兴,王世杰,周德全,等.碳酸盐岩差异性风化成土特征及其对石漠化形成的影响[J].矿物学报,2002,22(4):308-314. Sun C X,Wang S J,Zhou D Q,et al.Differential weathering and Pedogenetic characteristics of carbonate rocks and their effect on the development of rock desertification in karst regions[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2002,22(4):308-314. [8] Miko S,Durn G,Prohić E.Evaluation of terra rossa geochemical baselines from Croatian karst regions[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1999,66(1/2):173-182. [9] 文林琴,栗忠飞.2004—2016年贵州省石漠化状况及动态演变特征[J].生态学报,2020,40(17):5928-5939. Wen L Q,Li Z F.Evolution characteristics of rocky desertification during 2004-2016 in Guizhou Province,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2020,40(17):5928-5939. [10] 陈起伟,熊康宁,兰安军.基于GIS技术的贵州省土壤侵蚀危险性评价[J].长江科学院院报,2020,37(12):47-52,66. Chen Q W,Xiong K N,Lan A J.Assessment of erosion risk in Guizhou province based on geological information system (GIS) technology[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2020,37(12):47-52,66. [11] 胡泽银,王世杰,白晓永,等.近百年来贵州高原气温时空演变特征及趋势[J].中国岩溶,2020,39(5):724-736. Hu Z Y,Wang S J,Bai X Y,et al.Analysis of spatial-temporal evolution and trend of the air temperature over Guizhou plateau in the last hundred years[J].Carsologica Sinica,2020,39(5):724-736. [12] 贵州省地质调查院.中国区域地质志·贵州志[M].北京:地质出版社,2017:753-848,937-1015. Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources.Regional Geology of China·Guizhou[M].Beijing:Geology Press,2017:753-848,937-1015. [13] 杨胜元,张建江,赵国宣,等.贵州环境地质[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2008. Yang S Y,Zhang J J,Zhao G X,et al.Environmental Geology of Guizhou Province,China[M].Guiyang:Guizhou Science and Technology Publishing House,2008. [14] 李宗发. 贵州喀斯特地貌分区[J].贵州地质,2011,28(3):177-181,234. Li Z F.Division of karst landform in Guizhou[J].Guizhou Geology,2011,28(3):177-181,234. [15] 陈清霞,陆晓辉,赵文轩,等.不同地形条件下贵州省主要土壤类型的空间分异[J].江苏农业科学,2022,50(7):205-213. Chen Q X,Lu X H,Zhao W X,et al.Spatial differentiation of main soil types in Guizhou Province under different topographical conditions[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2022,50(7):205-213. [16] 王瑞,安裕伦.贵州省生物多样性及生境敏感性研究[J].贵州师范大学学报:自然科学版,2014,32(3):28-33. Wang R,An Y L.The study on biodiversity and the sensitivity of bio-inhabitation in Guizhou[J].Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Science),2014,32(3):28-33. [17] 熊平生,袁道先,谢世友.我国南方岩溶山区石漠化基本问题研究进展[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(4):355-362. Xiong P S,Yuan D X,Xie S Y.Progress of research on rocky desertification in South China Karst Mountain[J].Carsologica Sinica,2010,29(4):355-362. [18] 张文源,王百田.贵州喀斯特石漠化分类分级探讨[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(2):148-154. Zhang W Y,Wang B T.Discussion on classification and gradation of Karst rocky desertification in Guizhou province[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition),2015,39(2):148-154. [19] 郑永春,王世杰.贵州山区石灰土侵蚀及石漠化的地质原因分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2002,11(5):461-465. Zheng Y C,Wang S J.Geological cause of calcareous soil erosion and land rocky desertification in karst area,Guizhou province[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2002,11(5):461-465. [20] 冯志刚. 岩溶上覆风化壳的粒度分布特征及其对物源和形成过程的指示意义[D].贵阳:中国科学院研究生院(地球化学研究所),2004. Feng Z G.The Grain Size Distribution Characteristic of the Weathering Crusts Underlying Carbonatites and Its Indication Meaning on the Provenance and Formation Processes in Karst Terrains,Guizhou Province[D].Guiyang:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Geochemistry),2004. [21] Tole M P.The kinetics of dissolution of zircon (ZrSiO4)[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1985,49(2):453-458. [22] Nesbitt H W.Mobility and fractionation of rare earth elements during weathering of a granodiorite[J].Nature,1979,279(5710):206-210. [23] Nesbitt H W,Markovics G,Price R C.Chemical processes affecting alkalis and alkaline earths during continental weathering[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1980,44(11):1659-1666. [24] Ji H B,Wang S J,Ouyang Z Y,et al.Geochemistry of red residua underlying dolomites in karst terrains of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau:I.The formation of the Pingba profile[J].Chemical Geology,2004,203(1/2):1-27. [25] 王世杰,季宏兵,欧阳自远,等.碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的初步研究[J].中国科学(D辑),1999,29(5):441-449. Wang S J,Ji H B,Ouyang Z Y,et al.Preliminary study on weathering and pedogenesis of carbonate rock[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,1999,42(6):572-581. [26] Qiao Y S,Hao Q Z,Peng S S,et al.Geochemical characteristics of the eolian deposits in southern China,and their implications for provenance and weathering intensity[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2011,308(3/4):513-523. [27] Nesbitt H W,Young G M.Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites[J].Nature,1982,299(5885):715-717. [28] McLennan S M.Weathering and global denudation[J].The Journal of Geology,1993,101(2):295-303. [29] 杨守业,李从先,李徐生,等.长江下游下蜀黄土化学风化的地球化学研究[J].地球化学,2001,30(4):402-406. Yang S Y,Li C X,Li X S,et al.Geochemical records of chemical weathering of the Xiashu Loess in the lower reaches of the Changjiang River[J].Geochimica,2001,30(4):402-406. [30] Fedo C M,Nesbitt H W,Young G M.Unraveling the effects of potassium metasomatism in sedimentary rocks and paleosols,with implications for paleoweathering conditions and provenance[J].Geology,1995,23(10):921-924. [31] Yan D T,Chen D Z,Wang O C,et al.Large-scale climatic fluctuations in the latest Ordovician on the Yangtze block,South China[J].Geology,2010,38(7):599-602. [32] 龙健,李娟,邓启琼,等.贵州喀斯特山区石漠化土壤理化性质及分形特征研究[J].土壤通报,2006,37(4):635-639. Long J,Li J,Deng Q Q,et al.Soil properties and fractal features in the rocky desertification process of karst regions,Guizhou pro-vince[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2006,37(4):635-639. [33] 姜大伟,张世民,丁锐,等.龙门山南段青衣江阶地沉积物的化学风化特征及其意义[J].地质科学,2016,51(3):763-778. Jiang D W,Zhang S M,Ding R,et al.The chemical weathering and its significance of Qingyi River terraces,south range of Longmen Shan[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2016,51(3):763-778. [34] 王世杰,孙承兴,冯志刚,等.发育完整的灰岩风化壳及其矿物学与地球化学特征[J].矿物学报,2002,22(1):19-29. Wang S J,Sun C X,Feng Z G,et al.Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the limestone weathering profile in Jishou,western Hunan province,China[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2002,22(1):19-29. [35] 李建武,张甘霖,李德成,等.强烈风化条件下玄武岩发育土壤的元素地球化学特征[J].地球与环境,2012,40(4):491-498. Li J W,Zhang G L,Li D C,et al.Mobilization and redistribution of elements in soils developed from extremely weathered basalts on the Hainan Island[J].Earth and Environment,2012,40(4):491-498.
2024, Vol. 11 
