摘要排土场修复是矿山生态修复取得突破性进展和显著成效的关键之一。为进一步优选排土场生态修复技术组合,支撑矿山生态修复和绿色矿山建设,以薛家湾—龙口镇露天煤矿5个不同修复技术组合排土场板块为研究对象,选取生态效益和经济效益2类9个评价指标,运用层次分析(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)法和优劣解距离(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)法构建排土场生态修复效果综合评价模型,确定最终权重并进行综合评价。研究区排土场修复最优解决方案为: 工程措施采用平整覆土+挡水围堰+坡面整形+条播技术; 植被措施采用柳树+沙打旺+草木犀+苜蓿+冰草+老芒麦。研究表明,在矿山生态修复效果的成效评价中,使用定性加定量的评价方法,能更好地反映出生态修复效果,可为科学评价生态修复效果提供支撑。
Abstract：Waste dump restoration is one of the key points restricting the breakthrough progress of mine ecological restoration. In order to further optimize the technical combination of waste dump ecological restoration, and support mine ecological restoration and green mine construction, the authors in this paper chose 5 waste dump sectors with different restoration technologies as the study case. Nine evaluation indexes in the categories of ecological benefit and economic benefit were selected and AHP and TOPSIS methods were used to construct a comprehensive evaluation system and determine the final weight and conduct comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the optimal solution for waste dump restoration in the study area was using the engineering measures as flat soil covering + water retaining cofferdam + slope shaping + strip seeding technology, and the vegetation measures as willow + cladawang + grass luteus + alfalfa + ice grass + laomangmai. During the process of mine ecological restoration effect evaluation, using the qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods could better reflect the ecological restoration effect and provide support for the scientific evaluation of ecological restoration effect.
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2023, Vol. 10 
