Abstract：Microplastic pollution in the marine environment is a common global problem, and Pearl River Estuary is a typical area of marine microplastic pollution in China. In order to explore the spatial distribution and migration mechanism of microplastics in Pearl River Estuary, the authors processed and analyzed surface sediment samples from 55 stations in the southern Pearl River Estuary. And the microplastics in the samples were identified and counted. The research results are as follows. (1) The microplastics abundance in the study area varied in the range of 0~47.77 items/kg, with uneven spatial distribution, and it was enriched in the sea area from Modaomen to Daji Bay and from Xiangzhou Bay to Guishan Island. The microplastics abundance was at a low level compared with other waters in the South China Sea. (2) The sources of microplastics in the study area were mainly human activities on both sides of the river. Driven by the dual drive of tidal flow and runoff, the microplastics carried in the water body of the Modaomen channel were unloaded and accumulated in the sea area from Modaomen to Dajiwan Estuary. While the microplastics carried by the water body of the Pearl River Estuary were unloaded and accumulated in the sea area from Xiangzhou Bay to Guishan Island. The results of this study could provide some references for the study of environmental pollution in China's coastal waters, and also provide some data for monitoring microplastics in the marine resources in the southern areas of China.
王国槐, 梁昊, 赵卫, 张晓阳. 珠江口南部海域表层沉积物中微塑料的空间分布及运移机制[J]. 中国地质调查, 2024, 11(3): 76-82.
WANG Guohuai, LIANG Hao, ZHAO Wei, ZHANG Xiaoyang. Spatial distribution and migration mechanism of microplastics in the surface sediments of the southern Pearl River Estuary. , 2024, 11(3): 76-82.
[1] Carpenter E J,Smith K L Jr.Plastics on the Sargasso sea sur-face[J].Science,1972,175(4027):1240-1241. [2] Thompson R C,Olsen Y,Mitchell R P,et al.Lost at sea:where is all the plastic?[J].Science,2004,304(5672):838-838. [3] Andrady A L.Microplastics in the marine environment[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,62(8):1596-1605. [4] Napper I E,Thompson R C.Plastic debris in the marine environment:history and future challenges[J].Global Challenges,2020,4(6):1900081. [5] Napper I E,Bakir A,Rowland S J,et al.Characterisation,quantity and sorptive properties of microplastics extracted from cosme-tics[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2015,99(1-2):178-185. [6] Cole M,Lindeque P,Halsband C,et al.Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment:a review[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,62(12):2588-2597. [7] Jambeck J R,Geyer R,Wilcox C,et al.Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean[J].Science,2015,347(6223):768-771. [8] Nelms S E,Barnett J,Brownlow A,et al.Microplastics in marine mammals stranded around the British coast:ubiquitous but transitory?[J].Scientific Reports,2019,9(1):1075. [9] Barnes D K A.Remote islands reveal rapid rise of southern hemisphere sea debris[J].The Scientific World Journal,2005,5:915-921. [10] Law K L,Morét-Ferguson S,Maximenko N A,et al.Plastic accumulation in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre[J].Science,2010,329(5996):1185-1188. [11] Woodall L C,Sanchez-Vidal A,Canals M,et al.The deep sea is a major sink for microplastic debris[J].Royal Society Open Science,2014,1(4):140317. [12] Bergmann M,Klages M.Increase of litter at the Arctic deep-sea observatory HAUSGARTEN[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2012,64(12):2734-2741. [13] Obbard R W,Sadri S,Wong Y Q,et al.Global warming releases microplastic legacy frozen in Arctic Sea ice[J].Earth's Future,2014,2(6):315-320. [14] Eerkes-Medrano D,Thompson R C,Aldridge D C.Microplastics in freshwater systems:a review of the emerging threats,identification of knowledge gaps and prioritisation of research needs[J].Water Research,2015,75:63-82. [15] Dris R,Gasperi J,Saad M,et al.Synthetic fibers in atmospheric fallout:a source of microplastics in the environment?[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2016,104(1-2):290-293. [16] Gasperi J,Dris R,Bonin T,et al.Assessment of floating plastic debris in surface water along the Seine River[J].Environmental Pollution,2014,195:163-166. [17] Geyer R,Jambeck J R,Law K L.Production,use,and fate of all plastics ever made[J].Science Advances,2017,3(7):e1700782. [18] Nelms S E,Coombes C,Foster L C,et al.Marine anthropogenic litter on British beaches:a 10-year nationwide assessment using citizen science data[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,579:1399-1409. [19] Browne M A,Crump P,Niven S J,et al.Accumulation of microplastic on shorelines woldwide:sources and sinks[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(21):9175-9179. [20] Imhof H K,Ivleva N P,Schmid J,et al.Contamination of beach sediments of a subalpine lake with microplastic particles[J].Current Biology,2013,23(19):R867-R868. [21] Bergmann M,Gutow L,Klages M.Marine Anthropogenic Litter[M].Cham:Springer,2015. [22] Fok L,Cheung P K.Hong Kong at the Pearl River Estuary:a hotspot of microplastic pollution[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2015,99(1-2):112-118. [23] Yan M T,Nie H Y,Xu K H,et al.Microplastic abundance,distribution and composition in the Pearl River along Guangzhou city and Pearl River estuary,China[J].Chemosphere,2019,217:879-886. [24] Lin L,Zuo L Z,Peng J P,et al.Occurrence and distribution of microplastics in an urban river:a case study in the Pearl River along Guangzhou City,China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,644:375-381. [25] 刘冰洁,区晓敏,叶匡旻,等.广东省近岸海域微塑料赋存特征与风险评价[J].环境科学,2023:1-14. Liu B J,Ou X M,Ye K M,et al.Occurrence and risk assessment of microplastics in the coastal seawater of Guangdong province[J].Environmental Science,2023:1-14. [26] 黄铀佳. 我国南海区微塑料的污染现状和未来展望[J].海洋开发与管理,2020,37(6):40-47. Huang Y J.Microplastics pollution in South China Sea and future prospects[J].Ocean Development and Management,2020,37(6):40-47. [27] 包振宗. 珠江典型流域微塑料的分布特征及其与多环芳烃吸附、解吸行为研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2021. Bao Z Z.Distribution Characteristics of Microplastics and its Absorption and Desorption Behaviors with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Typical Pearl River Basin[D].Guangzhou:Guangdong University of Technology,2021. [28] Lebreton L C M,van der Zwet J,Damsteeg J W,et al.River plastic emissions to the world's oceans[J].Nature Communications,2017,8:15611. [29] Wong L A,Chen J C,Xue H,et al.A model study of the circulation in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and its adjacent coastal waters:1.Simulations and comparison with observations[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans,2003,108(C5):3156. [30] Mao Q W,Shi P,Yin K D,et al.Tides and tidal currents in the Pearl River Estuary[J].Continental Shelf Research,2004,24(16):1797-1808. [31] Jia L W,Wen Y,Pan S Q,et al.Wave-current interaction in a river and wave dominant estuary:a seasonal contrast[J].Applied Ocean Research,2015,52:151-166. [32] Kukulka T,Proskurowski G,Morét-Ferguson S,et al.The effect of wind mixing on the vertical distribution of buoyant plastic debris[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2012,39(7):L07601. [33] Long M,Moriceau B,Gallinari M,et al.Interactions between microplastics and phytoplankton aggregates:impact on their respective fates[J].Marine Chemistry,2015,175:39-46. [34] Chubarenko I,Bagaev A,Zobkov M,et al.On some physical and dynamical properties of microplastic particles in marine environment[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2016,108(1-2):105-112. [35] Van Cauwenberghe L,Vanreusel A,Mees J,et al.Microplastic pollution in deep-sea sediments[J].Environmental Pollution,2013,182:495-499. [36] Hidalgo-Ruz V,Gutow L,Thompson R C,et al.Microplastics in the marine environment:a review of the methods used for identification and quantification[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2012,46(6):3060-3075. [37] 吕海滨,吴超羽,刘斌.珠江口磨刀门整治前后水动力数值模拟[J].海洋科学,2006,30(11):58-63. Lü H B,Wu C Y,Liu B.Hydrodynamic numerical simulation during the rebuilding of Modaomen Estuary of the Pearl River[J].Marine Sciences,2006,30(11):58-63. [38] 丁芮,陈学恩,曲念东.珠江口及邻近海域潮波数值模拟——Ⅰ模型的建立和分析[J].中国海洋大学学报,2015,45(11):1-9. Ding R,Chen X E,Qu N D.Three-dimensional high-resolution numerical study of the tide and circulation in the Pearl River Estuary and its adjacent waters Part I:Model building and analysis[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2015,45(11):1-9. [39] 赵肖,何蕾,赵文静,等.珠江口典型生活污水处理厂微塑料处理与排放研究[J].环境污染与防治,2021,43(3):359-363,393. Zhao X,He L,Zhao W J,et al.Study on microplastics treatment and discharge of typical sewage treatment plants in Pearl River Estuary[J].Environmental Pollution & Control,2021,43(3):359-363,393. [40] 陈鸿展,区晖,叶四化,等.珠江广州段水体微塑料的时空分布特征及生态风险评估[J].生态环境学报,2023,32(9):1663-1672. Chen H Z,Ou H,Ye S H,et al.Spatial-temporal distribution and ecological risk assessment of microplastics in the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2023,32(9):1663-1672. [41] 郑海燕,古健,谭嘉敏.珠江广州河段下游微塑料监测初试[J].皮革制作与环保科技,2021,2(21):157-159. Zheng H Y,Gu J,Tan J M.Preliminary test of microplastic monitoring in the lower reaches of Guangzhou reach of the Pearl River[J].Leather Manufacture and Environmental Technology,2021,2(21):157-159. [42] 余广. 珠江虎门入海口微塑料污染特征及生态风险研究[D].东莞:东莞理工学院,2023. Yu G.Evaluation of Microplastic Pollution and Ecological Risk Studies at the Hu-Men Entrance of Pearl River[D].Dongguan:Dongguan University of Technology,2023.
2024, Vol. 11 
