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中国地质调查  2021, Vol. 8 Issue (5): 122-128    DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2021.05.15
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矿山地质环境影响评价及修复研究——以汶川某废弃露天矿山为例
李复勇1, 唐尧2,3, 张成信4, 杨力1, 范冬丽2,3
1.四川省地质矿产勘查开发局207地质队,四川 乐山 614000;
2.四川省安全科学技术研究院,四川 成都 610045;
3.四川安信科创科技有限公司,四川 成都 610045;
4.中化地质矿山总局地质研究院,北京 100101
Research on geological environmental impact assessment and rehabilitation of the mine: Taking an abandoned open pit mine in Wenchuan as an example
LI Fuyong1, TANG Yao2,3, ZHANG Chengxin4, YANG Li1, FAN Dongli2,3
1. 207 Geological Brigade of Sichuan Bureau of Exploration & Development of Geology & Mineral Resources, Sichuan Leshan 614000, China;
2. Sichuan Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Sichuan Chengdu 610045, China;
3. Major Hazard Measurement and Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Chengdu 610045, China;
4. Geological Research Institute of Sinochem Geology and Mine Administration, Beijing 100101, China
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摘要 矿山正常的生产经营活动势必形成一定的矿山地质环境问题。为全面贯彻生态文明思想,牢固树立“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念,按照恢复生态、兼顾景观总体要求,因地制宜、多措并举,扎实开展废弃露天矿山地质环境修复。依据矿山地质环境保护与恢复的相关规范与要求,以汶川某废弃露天矿山为例,从矿山环境角度介绍了矿山地质环境的影响因素,开展矿山斜坡整体稳定性、采场边坡稳定性、弃渣堆稳定性及地形地貌景观破坏等地质环境影响评价,划分治理重点、次重点和一般3个基本的矿山地质环境保护与恢复防治区。结果表明: 矿山斜坡及弃渣堆现状基本稳定、采场边坡稳定性较差、地形地貌景观影响和破坏程度中等; 研究区矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理可划分为一般防治区和较严重防治区,其中一般防治区面积约554 m2(矿区无因采矿活动诱发的地质灾害,影响区内无居民居住,无威胁对象,矿区及周围地表水体未漏失,矿业活动对水土环境影响程度为影响程度小,未影响到矿区及周围生活供水)、较严重防治区面积186 m2(矿区与影响区地质灾害发生可能性小,地形地貌景观影响和破坏程度较严重)。针对评价结果提出的“坡面浮石清理+清除建筑垃圾、块石+植被重建”等修复建议,为同类型矿山绿色开采及地质环境保护措施提供了的重要技术参考依据。
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李复勇
唐尧
张成信
杨力
范冬丽
关键词 地质环境矿山环境影响评价生态修复废弃矿山    
Abstract:The normal production and operation activities of mines will inevitably create certain mine geological environmental problems. In order to fully implement the thoughts on ecological civilization and firmly establish the concept of “green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains”, the research should be based on local conditions and take multiple measures to carry out the restoration of the geological environment of abandoned open-pit mines, in accordance with the overall requirements of restoring the ecology and taking into account the landscape. According to the relevant specifications and requirements of mine geological environmental protection and restoration, the authors have taken an abandoned open-pit mine in Wenchuan as an example to introduce the factors affecting the mine geological environment from the perspective of the mine environment. Besides, the geological environment impact assessment of the stability of the stope slope, the site and the waste slag slope, the destruction of topography and landscape was also evaluated, and three basic mine geological environmental protection and restoration prevention areas were divided, namely the key, secondary and general. The results show that the stope slope and the waste slag slope are stable, the stability of the site is poor, and the impact of topography and landscape and the degree of damage are moderate. The mine geological environmental protection and restoration treatment in this area can be divided into general prevention and treatment area and more serious prevention and treatment area. The general prevention and treatment area is about 554 m2, where there were no mining geological disasters induced by activities, no residents in the affected area, no threatened objects, no leakage of surface water in the mining area and surrounding areas, and the impact of mining activities on the water and soil environment is small without effect on the living water supply in the mining area and surrounding areas. The more serious prevention and treatment area is 186 m2, where the possibility of geological disasters in the mining area and the affected area is small, and the topography and landscape impact and damage are serious. According to the evaluation results, the authors in this paper have put forward the repair suggestions such as “pumice removal + removal of construction waste, block stone + vegetation reconstruction”, which provide important technical basis for the green mining and geological environmental protection in the same type of mines.
Key wordsgeological environment    mine environment    impact assessment    ecological restoration    abandoned mines
收稿日期: 2020-11-05     
中图分类号:  P694  
  X14  
基金资助:四川省科技厅计划项目“川西高山峡谷地区地震与地质灾害态势感知与应急救援研究(编号: 2020YFS0387)”、四川省科技厅基本科研业务费项目“区域自然灾害综合风险研判与预警方法研究(编号: 2021JDKY0009-1)”资助
通讯作者: 唐尧(1985—),男,硕士,主要从事矿山地质环境保护与自然灾害遥感监测方面研究。Email: tangyao985@163.com。   
作者简介: 李复勇(1985—),男,高级工程师,主要从事矿山地质环境保护方面的研究。Email: 99240787@qq.com。
引用本文:   
李复勇, 唐尧, 张成信, 杨力, 范冬丽. 矿山地质环境影响评价及修复研究——以汶川某废弃露天矿山为例[J]. 中国地质调查, 2021, 8(5): 122-128.
LI Fuyong, TANG Yao, ZHANG Chengxin, YANG Li, FAN Dongli. Research on geological environmental impact assessment and rehabilitation of the mine: Taking an abandoned open pit mine in Wenchuan as an example. , 2021, 8(5): 122-128.
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