中国岩溶碳汇通量估算与人工干预增汇途径

doi:10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2021.04.05

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (3919 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract China is a country with a large area of karst. It is an important part of the terrestrial carbon cycle that the absorption of CO₂ from soil or atmosphere by karstification would form dissolved inorganic carbon and discharge it to the ocean along rivers. The mechanism, influencing factors and measurement methods of karst carbon sinks have been ascertained by China Geological Survey since the exploratory investigation of karst carbon sinks in 2009.`The results show that the huge potential of karst carbon sinks in China has been revealed by the carbonate rock dissolution tablets, runoff-water chemistry and regression models. The important measures of manual intervention to increase karst carbon sinks include vegetation restoration, soil improvement, allogenic water irrigation, and aquatic plants cultivation. The application of basin-scale karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effect investigation technology has promoted a series of results in the theory, investigation, monitoring technology and platform construction of the karst carbon cycle and carbon sink effect evaluation by geological survey. However, there are still major challenges in the measurement, verification, and manual intervention of karst carbon sinks to sequester and increase carbon sinks, which would need to be tackled and improved during the 14th Five-Year Plan period to meet the goal of geological carbon sinks serving carbon neutrality.

Key words： karst carbon sink carbon cycle carbon flux increasing carbon sinks manual intervention geological survey

Received: 28 June 2021

ZTFLH:	P642.25
	X14

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	ZHANG Chunlai
	HUANG Fen
	PU Junbing
	CAO Jianhua

Cite this article:

ZHANG Chunlai,HUANG Fen,PU Junbing, et al. Estimation of karst carbon sink fluxes and manual intervention to increase carbon sinks in China[J]. , 2021, 8(4): 40-52.

URL:

http://journal25.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_dzdc/EN/10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2021.04.05 OR http://journal25.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_dzdc/EN/Y2021/V8/I4/40

[1] 袁道先. 现代岩溶学在中国的发展[J].地质论评,2006,52(6):733-736.
Yuan D X.The development of modern karstology in China[J].Geol Rev,2006,52(6):733-736.
[2] 蒋忠诚. 中国南方表层岩溶系统的碳循环及其生态效应[J].第四纪研究,2000,20(4):316-324.
Jiang Z C.Carbon cycle and ecological effects in epi-karst systems in sourthern China[J].Quat Sci,2000,20(4):316-324.
[3] 张连凯,覃小群,刘朋雨,等.硫酸参与的长江流域岩石化学风化与大气CO₂消耗[J].地质学报,2016,90(8):1933-1944.
Zhang L K,Qin X Q,Liu P Y,et al.Chemical denudation rate and atmospheric CO₂ consumption by H₂CO₃ and H₂SO₄ in the Yang-tze River Catchment[J].Acta Geol Sin,2016,90(8):1933-1944.
[4] 蒋忠诚,袁道先,曹建华,等.中国岩溶碳汇潜力研究[J].地球学报,2012,33(2):129-134.
Jiang Z C,Yuan D X,Cao J H,et al.A study of carbon sink capacity of karst processes in China[J].Acta Geosci Sin,2012,33(2):129-134.
[5] 章程. 岩溶作用时间尺度与碳汇稳定性[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(4):368-371.
Zhang C.Time-scale of karst processes and the carbon sink stability[J].Carsol Sin,2011,30(4):368-371.
[6] 蒲俊兵,蒋忠诚,袁道先,等.岩石风化碳汇研究进展:基于IPCC第五次气候变化评估报告的分析[J].地球科学进展,2015,30(10):1081-1090.
Pu J B,Jiang Z C,Yuan D X,et al.Some opinions on rock-weathering-related carbon sinks from the IPCC fifth assessment report[J].Adv Earth Sci,2015,30(10):1081-1090.
[7] Liu Z,Zhao J.Contribution of carbonate rock weathering to the atmospheric CO₂ sink[J].Environ Geol,2000,39(9):1053-1058.
[8] Zeng S B,Liu Z H,Kaufmann G.Sensitivity of the global carbonate weathering carbon-sink flux to climate and land-use changes[J].Nat Commun,2019,10(1):5749.
[9] Curl R L.Carbon shifted but not sequestered[J].Science,2012,335(6069):655.
[10] 张莹,李强.是“岩溶碳汇”还是“岩溶碳通量”?[J].中国岩溶,2015,34(6):539-542.
Zhang Y,Li Q.Is it karst carbon sink or karst carbon flux?[J].Carsol Sin,2015,34(6):539-542.
[11] Zhang T,Li J H,Pu J B,et al.River sequesters atmospheric carbon and limits the CO₂ degassing in karst area,Southwest Chi-na[J].Sci Total Environ,2017,609:92-101.
[12] Khadka M B,Martin J B,Jin J.Transport of dissolved carbon and CO₂ degassing from a river system in a mixed silicate and carbonate catchment[J].J Hydrol,2014,513:391-402.
[13] Yang R,Chen B,Liu H,et al.Carbon sequestration and decreased CO₂ emission caused by terrestrial aquatic photosynthesis:insights from diel hydrochemical variations in an epikarst spring and two spring-fed ponds in different seasons[J].Appl Geochem,2015,63:248-260.
[14] Han Q,Wang B L,Liu C Q,et al.Carbon biogeochemical cycle is enhanced by damming in a karst river[J].Sci Total Environ,2018,616/617:1181-1189.
[15] de Montety V,Martin J B,Cohen M J,et al.Influence of diel biogeochemical cycles on carbonate equilibrium in a karst river[J].Chem Geol,2011,283(1/2):31-43.
[16] 严壮,汪夏雨,李为,等.岩溶区水生生态系统微藻的生物碳泵效应[J].微生物学报,2019,59(6):1012-1025.
Yan Z,Wang X Y,Li W,et al.Biological carbon pump effect of microalgae in aquatic ecosystems of karst areas[J].Acta Microbiol Sin,2019,59(6):1012-1025.
[17] 宋昂,彭文杰,何若雪,等.好氧不产氧光合细菌反馈作用下的五里峡水库坝前水体化学特征研究[J].岩矿测试,2017,36(2):171-179.
Song A,Peng W J,He R X,et al.Hydrochemistry characteristics in front of the Wulixia Reservoir dam associated with feedback from aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria[J].Rock Miner Anal,2017,36(2):171-179.
[18] Wang P,Hu Q J,Yang H,et al.Preliminary study on the utilization of Ca²⁺ and HCO₃^- in karst water by different sources of Chlorella vulgaris[J].Carbon Evapor,2014,29(2):203-210.
[19] Wang P,Hu G,Cao J H.Stable carbon isotopic composition of submerged plants living in karst water and its eco-environmental importance[J].Aqua Bot,2017,140:78-83.
[20] 章程,汪进良,蒲俊兵.地下河出口河流水化学昼夜动态变化——生物地球化学过程的控制[J].地球学报,2015,36(2):197-203.
Zhang C,Wang J L,Pu J B.Diel aqueous chemical cycling in a typical karst spring-fed stream:controls of biogeochemical processes[J].Acta Geosci Sin,2015,36(2):197-203.
[21] 章程,肖琼,苗迎,等.广西桂林漓江典型河段水化学昼夜动态变化及其对岩溶碳循环的影响[J].地球学报,2018,39(5):613-621.
Zhang C,Xiao Q,Miao Y,et al.Day and night aqueous chemical changes and their impact on karst carbon cycle at typical monitoring sites of the Lijiang River,Guilin,Guangxi[J].Acta Geosci Sin,2018,39(5):613-621.
[22] Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W,Wang H J.A possible important CO₂ sink by the global water cycle[J].Chin Sci Bull,2018,53(3):402-407.
[23] Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W.Significance of the carbon sink produced by H₂O-carbonate-CO₂-aquatic phototroph interaction on land[J].Sci Bull,2015,60(2):182-191.
[24] Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W,Wang H J.A new direction in effective accounting for the atmospheric CO₂ budget:considering the combined action of carbonate dissolution, the global water cycle and photosynthetic uptake of DIC by aquatic organisms[J].Earth-Sci Rev,2010,99(3/4):162-172.
[25] Yang M X,Liu Z H,Sun H L,et al.Organic carbon source tracing and DIC fertilization effect in the Pearl River: insights from lipid biomarker and geochemical analysis[J].Appl Geochem,2016,73:132-141.
[26] Mustafa G,Singh B,Kookana R S.Cadmium adsorption and desorption behaviour on goethite at low equilibrium concentrations:effects of pH and index cations[J].Chemosphere,2004,57(10):1325-1333.
[27] Krklec K,Domínguez-Villar D,Perica D.Use of rock tablet method to measure rock weathering and landscape denuda-tion[J].Earth-Sci Rev,2021,212:103449.
[28] 杨瑞东,朱立军,魏怀瑞,等.贵阳地区碳酸盐岩岩系成土方式及其特征[J].地球与环境,2007,35(3):193-201.
Yang R D,Zhu L J,Wei H R,et al.Pedogenic mechanism of carbonate laterite and its characteristics in Guiyang,Guizhou Province,China[J].Earth Environ,2007,35(3):193-201.
[29] 蔡运龙. 贵州喀斯特高原土地系统变化空间尺度综合的一个研究方案[J].地球科学进展,2009,24(12):1301-1308.
Cai Y L.Spatial scales integration of land system change:a case study design on Guizhou Karst Plateau[J].Adv Earth Sci,2009,24(12):1301-1308.
[30] 徐胜友,蒋忠诚.我国岩溶作用与大气温室气体CO₂源汇关系的初步估算[J].科学通报,1997,42(9):953-956.
Xu S Y,Jiang Z C.Preliminary estimation of the relationship between karstification and the sources and sinks of atmospheric greenhouse gas CO₂ in China[J].Chin Sci Bull,1997,42(9):953-956.
[31] 蒋忠诚,蒋小珍,雷明堂.运用GIS和溶蚀试验数据估算中国岩溶区大气CO₂的汇[J].中国岩溶,2000,19(3):212-217.
Jiang Z C,Jiang X Z,Lei M T.Estimation of atmospheric CO₂ sink of karst areas in china based on GIS and limestone tablet loss data[J].Carsol Sin,2000,19(3):212-217.
[32] Corbel J.Érosion en terrain calcaire (vitesse d'érosion et morphologie)[J].Ann Géogr,1959,68(366):97-120.
[33] 蒋忠诚,覃小群,曹建华,等.中国岩溶作用产生的大气CO₂碳汇的分区计算[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(4):363-367.
Jiang Z C,Qin X Q,Cao J H,et al.Calculation of atmospheric CO₂ sink formed in karst progresses of the karst divided regions in China[J].Carsol Sin,2011,30(4):363-367.
[34] 覃小群,刘朋雨,黄奇波,等.珠江流域岩石风化作用消耗大气/土壤CO₂量的估算[J].地球学报,2013,34(4):455-462.
Qin X Q,Liu P Y,Huang Q B,et al.Estimation of atmospheric/soil CO₂ consumption by rock weathering in the Pearl River Valley[J].Acta Geosci Sin,2013,34(4):455-462.
[35] 刘再华. 岩溶作用及其碳汇强度计算的“入渗-平衡化学法”——兼论水化学径流法和溶蚀试片法[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(4):379-382.
Liu Z H.“Method of maximum potential dissolution” to calculate the intensity of karst process and the relevant carbon sink:with discussions on methods of solute load and carbonate-rock-tablet test[J].Carsol Sin,2011,30(4):379-382.
[36] 吴卫华,郑洪波,杨杰东,等.中国河流流域化学风化和全球碳循环[J].第四纪研究,2011,31(3):397-407.
Wu W H,Zheng H B,Yang J D,et al.Chemical weathering of large river catchments in China and the global carbon cycle[J].Quat Sci,2011,31(3):397-407.
[37] 刘丛强,蒋颖魁,陶发祥,等.西南喀斯特流域碳酸盐岩的硫酸侵蚀与碳循环[J].地球化学,2008,37(4):404-414.
Liu C Q,Jiang Y K,Tao F X,et al.Chemical weathering of carbonate rocks by sulfuric acid and the carbon cycling in Southwest China[J].Geochimica,2008,37(4):404-414.
[38] 夏星辉,张利田,陈静生.岩性和气候条件对长江水系河水主要离子化学的影响[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2000,36(2):246-252.
Xia X H,Zhang L T,Chen J S.The effect of lithology and climate on major ion chemistry of the Yangtze River system[J].Acta Sci Nat Univ Pekinensis,2000,36(2):246-252.
[39] 张龙军,温志超.黄河流域硅酸盐风化的讨论[J].中国海洋大学学报,2009,39(5):988-994.
Zhang L J,Wen Z C.Discussion on silicate weathering in the Huanghe Drainage Basin[J].Period Ocean Univ China,2009,39(5):988-994.
[40] 张春来,曹建华,刘晓华,等.河水化学离子成因及影响因素的因子分析探讨[J].广西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013,31(2):123-132.
Zhang C L,Cao J H,Liu X H,et al.Origin and influencing factors of hydrochemical of river ion by factor analysis[J].J Guangxi Normal Univ:Nat Sci Ed,2013,31(2):123-132.
[41] Sweeting M M.Karst Landforms[M].London:Macmillan Press Ltd.,1972.
[42] Liu Z,Zhao J.Contribution of carbonate rock weathering to the atmospheric CO₂ sink[J].Environ Geol,2000,39(9):1053-1058.
[43] 曹建华,袁道先,潘根兴,等.不同植被下土壤碳转移对岩溶动力系统中碳循环的影响[J].地球与环境,2004,32(1):90-96.
Cao J H,Yuan D X,Pan G X,et al.Influence of soil carbon transfer under different vegetations on carbon cycle of karst dynamics system[J].Earth Environ,2004,32(1):90-96.
[44] White W B.Rate Processes:Chemical Kinetics and Karst Landform Development[M]//Lafleur R G.Groundwater as A Geomorphic Agent.Boston,London:Allen and Unwin,1984:227-248.
[45] Brook G A,Folkoff M E,Box E O.A world model of soil carbon dioxide[J].Earth Surf Process Land,1983,8(1):79-88.
[46] 曹建华,杨慧,康志强.区域碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用碳汇通量估算初探:以珠江流域为例[J].科学通报,2011,56(26):2181-2187.
Cao J H,Yang H,Kang Z Q.Preliminary regional estimation of carbon sink flux by carbonate rock corrosion:a case study of the Pearl River Basin[J].Chin Sci Bull,2011,56(26):2181-2187.
[47] Li H W,Wang S J,Bai X Y,et al.Spatiotemporal evolution of carbon sequestration of limestone weathering in China[J].Sci China Earth Sci,2019,62(6):974-991.
[48] Cao J H,Wu X,Huang F,et al.Global significance of the carbon cycle in the karst dynamic system:evidence from geological and ecological processes[J].China Geol,2018,1(1):17-27.
[49] Zhang C.Carbonate rock dissolution rates in different landuses and their carbon sink effect[J].Chin Sci Bull,2011,56(35):3759-3765.
[50] 蓝家程,肖时珍,杨龙,等.石漠化治理对岩溶作用强度的影响及其碳汇效应[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):244-249.
Lan J C,Xiao S Z,Yang L,et al.Impact of rocky desertification treatment on kast carbonate rock dissolution rates and its carbon sink effect[J].J Soil Water Conserv,2016,30(3):244-249.
[51] 姜光辉,张强.峰丛洼地自然封育过程岩溶水溶解无机碳的变化——以桂林丫吉试验场为例[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(4):397-402.
Jiang G H,Zhang Q.Change of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in karst peak cluster during natural restoration:a case study in Yaji Station[J].Carsol Sin,2011,30(4):397-402.
[52] Zeng Q R,Liu Z H,Chen B,et al.Carbonate weathering-related carbon sink fluxes under different land uses:a case study from the Shawan Simulation Test Site,Puding,Southwest China[J].Chem Geol,2017,474:58-71.
[53] 张之淦,黄保健,黄海澎.碳循环与岩溶土壤改良——原理与综述[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(1):7-13.
Zhang Z G,Huang B J,Huang H P.Carbon cycle and soil amelioration in south china karst terrain:principles and review[J].Carsol Sin,2002,21(1):7-13.
[54] 吴泽燕,罗为群,蒋忠诚,等.土壤改良对土壤水水化学及碳酸盐岩溶蚀的CO₂净消耗量的影响[J].中国岩溶,2019,38(1):60-69.
Wu Z Y,Luo W Q,Jiang Z C,et al.Effects of filter sludge and organic manure soil improvement on soil hydrochemistry and net CO₂ consumption of dissolution of carbonate rocks[J].Carsol Sin,2019,38(1):60-69.
[55] 杨平恒,章程,孙玉川,等.土壤环境因子对土下岩溶溶蚀速率的影响——以重庆金佛山国家自然保护区为例[J].中国地质,2007,34(5):920-926.
Yang P H,Zhang C,Sun Y C,et al.Effects of soil environmental factors on the dissolution rate of karst in soils-A case study of the State Jinfo Mountain Nature Reserve,Chongqing[J].Geol China,2007,34(5):920-926.
[56] 周运超,潘根兴,张平究,等.添加有机物料对岩溶系统中碳转移及灰岩溶蚀的影响研究[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(3):153-158.
Zhou Y C,Pan G X,Zhang P J,et al.Study on the effect of limestone dissolution and carbon transfer in karst system affected by organic amendment[J].Carsol Sin,2002,21(3):153-158.
[57] 罗为群,蒋忠诚,赵草著,等.亚硫酸法糖厂滤泥改良石灰土试验研究[J].农业现代化研究,2009,30(2):248-252.
Luo W Q,Jiang Z C,Zhao C Z,et al.Study on calcareous soil amelioration with filtered sludge of sugar refinery[J].Res Agric Modernizat,2009,30(2):248-252.
[58] Song C,Liu C L,Wang J K,et al.Impact of the addition of a compound fertilizer on the dissolution of carbonate rock tablets:a column experiment[J].Appl Geochem,2011,26(3):170-173.
[59] 宋超,刘长礼,王俊坤,等.施用牛粪肥和复混肥对碳酸盐岩试片溶蚀作用影响的室内模拟研究[J].地球与环境,2011,39(4):597-604.
Song C,Liu C L,Wang J K,et al.Impact of cattle dung and compound fertilizer addition on the dissolution of carbonate rock tablets:a column experiment[J].Earth Environ,2011,39(4):597-604.
[60] 罗为群,蒋忠诚,邓艳,等.石灰土改良试验及其岩溶作用响应研究[J].中国岩溶,2008,27(3):221-227.
Luo W Q,Jiang Z C,Deng Y,et al.Contrast experimental study on calcareous soil amelioration and karst processes response[J].Carsol Sin,2008,27(3):221-227.
[61] 冯婷. 土壤改良对岩溶碳汇影响的试验研究——以广西平果果化示范区为例[D].桂林:广西师范学院,2015.
Feng T.Experimental Study of Soil Improvement Impact on Karst Carbon Sink---A Case Study at Guohua Ecological Experimental Area Pingguo Guangxi[D].Guilin:Guangxi Normal University,2015.
[62] 刘再华,吴孔运,汪进良,等.非岩溶流水中碳酸盐岩试块的侵蚀速率及其控制因素:以湖南郴州礼家洞为例[J].地球化学,2006,35(1):103-110.
Liu Z H,Wu K Y,Wang J L,et al.In situ precise measurement of erosion rates of carbonate rock blocks under flowing non-karst water using micro-erosion meter and the rate-determining factors[J].Geochimica,2006,35(1):103-110.
[63] 熊康宁,秦启万,张汉刚,等.盘县十里坪喀斯特地貌的形态结构与洞穴形成过程[J].人类学学报,1997,16(3):247-253.
Xiong K N,Qin Q W,Zhang H G,et al.Morphometry and speleogenesis of shiliping area,Panxian County[J].Acta Anthropol Sin,1997,16(3):247-253.
[64] 杨明德. 岩溶峡谷区溶洞发育特征及水动力条件[J].中国岩溶,1998,17(3):187-195.
Yang M D.Characteristics and hydrodynamic conditions of cave development in karst gorge districts[J].Carsol Sin,1998,17(3):187-195.
[65] 黄芬,唐伟,汪进良,等.外源水对岩溶碳汇的影响——以桂林毛村地下河为例[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(4):417-421.
Huang F,Tang W,Wang J L,et al.The influence of allogenic water on karst carbon sink:a case study in the Maocun Subterranean River in Guilin,China[J].Carsol Sin,2011,30(4):417-421.
[66] 黄芬,吴夏,杨慧,等.桂林毛村地下河流域岩溶关键带碳循环研究[J].广西科学,2018,25(5):515-523.
Huang F,Wu X,Yang H,et al.Study on carbon cycle of karst critical zone in Maocun Subterranean River Basin of Guilin[J].Guangxi Sci,2018,25(5):515-523.
[67] 夏日元,邹胜章,唐建生,等.南方岩溶地区1:5万水文地质环境地质调查技术要点分析[J].中国岩溶,2017,36(5):599-608.
Xia R Y,Zou S Z,Tang J S,et al.Technical key points of 1:50, 000 hydrogeological and environmental geology surveys in karst areas of South China[J].Carsol Sin,2017,36(5):599-608.
[68] Bughio M A,Wang P L,Meng F Q,et al.Neoformation of pedogenic carbonates by irrigation and fertilization and their contribution to carbon sequestration in soil[J].Geoderma,2016,262:12-19.
[69] 敦宇,许嘉文,白雪山,等.地下水灌溉对华北平原农田土壤碳库转化影响[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(5):1187-1195.
Dun Y,Xu J W,Bai X S,et al.Effect of groundwater irrigation on agricultural soil carbon pool in North China Plain[J].Res Environ Sci,2021,34(5):1187-1195.
[70] Kim J H,Jobbágy E G,Richter D D,et al.Agricultural acceleration of soil carbonate weathering[J].Global Change Biol,2020,26(10):5988-6002.
[71] Schindlbacher A,Beck K,Holzheu S,et al.Inorganic carbon leaching from a warmed and irrigated carbonate forest soil[J].Front For Glob Change,2019,2:40.
[72] De La Rocha C L.The biological pump[J].Treat Geochem,2007,6:1-29.
[73] 高丽楠. 水生植物光合作用影响因子研究进展[J].成都大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(1):1-8,23.
Gao L N.Research on aquatic plants photosynthesis impact fac-tors[J].J Chengdu Univ (Nat Sci),2013,32(1):1-8,23.
[74] 王培,胡清菁,王朋辉,等.桂林寨底地下河沉水植物群落结构调查及影响因子分析[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(1):34-39.
Wang P,Hu Q J,Wang P H,et al.Effect of karst geology on the submerged macrophyte community in Zhaidi River,Guilin[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2015,36(1):34-39.
[75] 张陶,李建鸿,蒲俊兵,等.小球藻对岩溶水体Ca²+、HCO₃^-利用效率实验研究[J].中国岩溶,2018,37(1):81-90.
Zhang T,Li J H,Pu J B,et al.Experimental study on the utilization efficiency of Chlorella to Ca²⁺ and HCO₃^- in karst water[J].Carsol Sin,2018,37(1):81-90.
[76] Liu Z H,Li Q,Sun H L,et al.Seasonal,diurnal and storm-scale hydrochemical variations of typical epikarst springs in subtropical karst areas of SW China:soil CO₂ and dilution effects[J].J Hydrol,2007,337(1/2):207-223.
[77] Liu Z H,Li Q,Sun H L,et al.Diurnal variations of hydrochemistry in a travertine-depositing stream at Baishuitai,Yunnan,SW China[J].Aquat Geochem,2006,12(2):103-121.
[78] Pu J B,Li J H,Khadka M B,et al.In-stream metabolism and atmospheric carbon sequestration in a groundwater-fed karst stream[J].Sci Total Environ,2017,579:1343-1355.
[79] Pu J B,Li J H,Zhang T,et al.Diel-scale variation of dissolved inorganic carbon during a rainfall event in a small karst stream in southern China[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2019,26(11):11029-11041.
[80] Pu J B,Li J H,Zhang T,et al.High spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of PCO₂ and CO₂ emissions in a karst groundwater-stream continuum,southern China[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2019,26(25):25733-25748.
[81] Zhang T,Li J H,Pu J B,et al.Carbon dioxide exchanges and their controlling factors in Guijiang River,SW China[J].J Hydrol,2019,578:124073.
[82] 倪兆奎,李跃进,王圣瑞,等.太湖沉积物有机碳与氮的来源[J].生态学报,2011,31(16):4661-4670.
Ni Z K,Li Y J,Wang S R,et al.The sources of organic carbon and nitrogen in sediment of Taihu Lake[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2011,31(16):4661-4670.
[83] 刘长礼,林良俊,宋超,等.土地利用变化对典型碳酸盐岩流域风化碳汇的影响——以云南小江岩溶流域研究为例[J].中国地质,2011,38(2):479-488.
Liu C L,Lin L J,Song C,et al.The impact of land use on CO₂ intake of chemical weathering in a typical karst region:A case study of Xiaojiang watershed,Yunnan Province[J].Geol China,2011,38(2):479-488.
[84] 杨玉雪,向鹏,卢玮琦,等.贵州乌江渡水库沉积速率及碳氮埋藏通量估算[J].地球与环境,2017,45(1):66-73.
Yang Y X,Xiang P,Lu W Q,et al.The sedimentation rate and burial fluxes of carbon and nitrogen in Wujiangdu Reservoir,Guizhou,China[J].Earth Environ,2017,45(1):66-73.
[85] 沈佳. 沉水植物菹草生物学特性及对污染水体净化能力的研究[D].天津:南开大学,2008.
Shen J.Study on the Biological Characteristics of Submerged Plant Potamogeton crispus and Its Ability to Purify Polluted Water[D].Tianjin:Nankai University,2008.
[86] 任久长,戴长亮,董巍,等.京密引水渠常见沉水植物的生态位和群落演替[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,1999,35(4):523-528.
Ren J C,Dai C L,Dong W,et al.Study on niche and community succession of submerged macrophyte in Jing-Mi Canal,Bei-jing[J].Acta Sci Nat Univ Pekinensis,1999,35(4):523-528.
[87] 朱丹婷,乔宁宁,李铭红,等.光强、温度、总氮浓度对黑藻生长的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(1):88-97.
Zhu D T,Qiao N N,Li M H,et al.Effect of light intensity,tempe-rature,total nitrogen concentration and their interaction on hydrilla verticillata[J].Acta Hydrobiol Sin,2011,35(1):88-97.
[88] 蓝于倩,朱文君,麦颖仪,等.轻度富营养水体水深对四种沉水植物的生长影响[J].环境工程,2018,36(11):29-34.
Lan Y Q,Zhu W J,Mai Y Y,et al.Influence of water depths on the growth of four submerged plants in light eutrophic water[J].Environ Eng,2018,36(11):29-34.
[89] 程南宁,朱伟,张俊.重污染水体中沉水植物的繁殖及移栽技术探讨[J].水资源保护,2004,20(6):8-11.
Cheng N N,Zhu W,Zhang J.Reproduction and plantation technique of submerged macrophyte in polluted water[J].Water Res Protect,2004,20(6):8-11.
[90] 王培,胡清菁,白冰,等.一种实时在线监测水生植物岩溶碳汇效应的方法:106124723B[P].2018-01-09.
Wang P,Hu Q J,Bai B,et al.Method for real-time online monitoring of karst carbon sink effect of aquatic plants:106124723B[P].2018-01-09.