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2022 Vol. 9, No. 6
Published: 2022-12-20
 
1 Application of integrated positioning, measurement, logging and guiding in improving the drilling rate of horizontal wells
DU Huanfu, DONG Youhuan, HOU Wenhui, WANG Chunwei, SUN Xin, DU Shuyan, YE Yinggui
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.01
Drilling rate of high-quality reservoir in horizontal well is one of the key factors for high production of single well, which directly affects the production of horizontal well. Based on seismic, drilling, well logging, mud logging and geological orientation data, the authors summarized the influence factors of drilling rate in horizontal well reservoir with different reservoir type, and put forward the application of the integrated of positioning, measurement, logging and guiding in improving the drilling rate of horizontal well reservoir, through the mathematical statistics and analysis of horizontal well drilling rate in the main block reservoirs of Sinopec. Besides, the typical application examples are listed, and the future research direction of integrated of horizontal well positioning, measurement, logging and guiding is summarized. The results show that the average drilling rate of petrochemical horizontal wells in Sinopec in 2021 is 93.7%. Due to the constraints of complicated geological conditions, long blind area of measurement and control instruments, and insufficient professional integration, this drilling rate still needs to be improved. The integration measurement technology is able to make a fusion of professional technology and information integration, including geology, seismic, directional, logging and guiding. Combing with the online-experts supports and linkage between front and back, integration measurement technology can be used effectively to solve the technical problems in drilling horizontal well, such as complex local micro structure, fault development and severe change of lithology in reservoir plane, and well trajectory with easy to layer, easy to touch water, which improve the drilling rate of horizontal wells. The next step of the integration measurement technology focus on the establishment of expert's team in different regions, strengthening the deep integration of multiple specialties, and increasement of application of new technologies, which has great significance to the exploration and development of oil and gas fields in China.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 1-9 [Abstract] ( 99 ) RICH HTML PDF (5510 KB)  ( 88 )
10 Geological characteristics and exploration prospects of Yazhaqu gold deposit in Qinghai Province
XIN Junqiang, LEI Yanjun, LIU Jiangfeng, SHUI Yingdong, SUN Sen, HE Xuezhao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.02
In order to ascertain the exploration prospects and provide reference for gold deposit survey with same type, the researchers in this paper summarized the geological characteristics of the Yazhaqu gold deposit, and investigated the controlling factors of NW-trending secondary faults and ductile shear zones on the gold deposit. And the ore-controlling factors, genesis and exploration prosrects of the Yazhaqu gold deposit are also discussed. The results show that the Yazhaqu gold deposit is located between the Kunlun Pass-Maduo-Gander fault and the Keke-xili-Jinshajiang fault, with well-developed NW-trending secondary faults and ductile shear zones. A large number of gold-bearing quartz veins are exposed in fractured alteration zones and ductile shear zones. The content of Au, Ag, Pb, and W of sandstone and slate is high in Qingshuihe Formation of Bayankalashan Group, which provides a material source for the deposit. The NW-trending secondary fault, ductile shear zone and gold-bearing quartz veins are favorable locations for enrichment and integration. The mineralization alteration related to gold mine is well developed, indicating that the deposit is typical tectonic altered rock type and quartz vein type. The NW-trending secondary fault and ductile shear zone in the area are the next prospecting direction.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 10-16 [Abstract] ( 70 ) RICH HTML PDF (3477 KB)  ( 197 )
17 Progress in regional geological and mineral survey of 1:50 000 in Altyn Tashidaban area, Xinjiang
LI Pengxiao, FAN Tianjia, MA Yanfei, WANG Qi, GUO Xiaonan, SUN Zhongyuan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.03
Through 1:50 000 regional geological and mineral survey in the Altyn Tashdaban area of Xinjiang, the researchers summarized the progress and main achievements of the regional geological and mineral survey projects of J45E008021, J45E008022 and J45E008023. The Altun Group was divided into the first and the second formations of the Altun Group, and the Jinyanshan Formation was delineated into Jixian System of Middle Proterozoic, according to the characteristics of rock assemblage, metamorphic deformation, rock geochemical and isotopic chronology. The intrusive rocks were redivided into 4 periods and 6 mapping units, and the chronological frameworks of intrusive rocks were established. The lower limit of formation time of a regional ductile shear zone was determined as Middle Ordovician. 29 new mineral occurrences were discovered, 2 zinc ore bodies and 6 metallogenic prospect areas were delineated. This research would provide detailed basic geological data for the future exploration work in the study area.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 17-22 [Abstract] ( 70 ) RICH HTML PDF (3233 KB)  ( 91 )
23 ESR dating, Ar-Ar dating and its tectonic implications of tectonic activity in adjacent area of Anhui-Zhejiang-Jiangxi
YANG Xinpeng, LIU Beibei, CHENG Zhou, ZHENG Zongping, DENG Ke, HOU Dehua, ZHANG Liguo
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.04
The tectonic position of adjacent areas in Zhejiang-Jiangxi-Anhui is located in the northern margin of the eastern section of Jiangnan orogenic belt, which have experienced multi-period tectonic movements, including Caledonian Period, Indochinese Period and Yanshanian Period. Fault belts with various orientation and different geological ages were formed during the tectonic movements, and the tectonic movement during Yanshanian Period is the most active. Based on the ESR dating, Ar-Ar dating and geological field investigation, the authors focus on the tectonic activity characteristics in the Late Yanshania. The Ar-Ar dating in Dongyuan deposit area is (113.5±1.1) Ma, and ESR dating of quartz veins in the fault is distributed between 120 and 100 Ma, approximately (115±5) Ma. The ESR dating of quartz veins in the fault of Tongcun rock mass and surrounding rock of Shichangwu Formation in Late Ordovician is distributed between 120.2 and 100.4 Ma. Therefore, this research shows that a strong tectothermal event occurred in Late Yanshanian Period (120~100 Ma) and a tectonic reversal from extrusion to stretch occurred in late and middle Early Cretaceous.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 23-32 [Abstract] ( 52 ) RICH HTML PDF (5571 KB)  ( 154 )
33 Complex zoning texture of phenocryst plagioclase in andesitic rocks of Tancheng area, Shandong Province: Record of magma mixing
YANG Xianzhong, XU Mincheng, XU Yanming, CHU Zhiyuan, XIAO Fan, ZHOU Yan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.05
A large amount of coarse grain diamonds and diamond placer deposits have been found in the Cenozoic strata in Tancheng area of Shandong Province, without primary diamond deposits so far. The petrography characteristics of outcrop of andesitic volcanic rocks in this area was investigated to explore the source of diamonds. The results show: ① Most of the phenocryst plagioclases have different complex zoning textures, and the core of phenocryst plagioclase is composed of microcrystalline plagioclases and fine olivines, with normal zoning texture crystallized by plagioclase in the outer rings. ② The olivines are evenly distributed in the rock, with content of more than 20%. It also has three generations characteristics, which is basically consistent with the three generations characteristics of olivine in kimberlite. ③ The mineral combinations of “olivine+phlogopite+garnet” and “plagioclase+pyroxene+hornblende” occurred in the rocks. These evidences indicate that the andesitic volcanic rocks in the area are the product of the mixing of andesite magma and kimberlite magma, which was recorded by the complex zoning texture of phenocryst plagioclase. The research in this paper is of enlightenment for the primary diamond ore research in Tancheng area.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 33-41 [Abstract] ( 77 ) RICH HTML PDF (8570 KB)  ( 28 )
42 Application of microtremor survey and high density electrical method in exploration of small-scale old goaf
JIA Xu, SUN Jianwei, LIU Xiangdong, CHENG Xianda, HUANG Honglin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.06
The oil shale old goaf in Zhaozhuang Village of Luanchuan County has posed a certain threat to the local living environment. However, this goaf has small scale, complex distribution, and interference from crowded people, which made it difficult for detection. In order to detect the goaf effectively, the authors in this paper proposed a combined detection method of microtremor survey and high-density electrical method. The two-dimensional apparent velocity and resistivity profiles were obtained through data acquisition and processing. Then, the oil shale rich layer was identified as medium resistivity layer with approximate layered distribution in the resistivity profile, and the oil shale goaf was identified as low velocity anomaly area in the horizontal direction of medium resistivity layer, according to the actual geological condition. The verified results from drilling indicate the inference results of the combination method are basically consistent with the reality, which prove the combination method is feasible for the exploration of small-scale ancient goaf of oil shale, with strong anti-interference features and high-efficiency construction.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 42-50 [Abstract] ( 95 ) RICH HTML PDF (5155 KB)  ( 87 )
51 Application of Dual Frequency IP method in the exploration of Dujiaqiao lead-zinc mine in Wumeng Mountain area of Guizhou
MENG Yinghua, WANG Yongtai, YANG Shiyu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.07
Dujiaqiao lead-zinc mine is located in Wumeng Mountain of Guizhou. On the basis of geological background and geophysical characteristics, the authors carried out Dual Frequency IP survey in this area. The equipment type and working method of IP middle ladder and symmetrical quadrupole sounding were introduced, and the geophysical anomalies were interpreted combined with geological characteristics and Laodong survey data. And the comprehensive application effect of these two methods was summarized and analyzed during the exploration of Dujiaqiao lead-zinc mine. The results show that the apparent anomalies are obvious in the IP middle ladder survey and symmetrical quadrupole sounding. So the authors deduce that the densely gradient variation of apparent resistivity is caused by the fracture structure, and the low-resistance and high-polarization anomalies are the favorable positions for lead-zinc mineralization, which has an important significance in ore search. The drilling verification indicates that the geophysical prospecting interpretation is in accordance with the drilling results, showing that Dual Prequency IP method is of geological efficiency in lead-zinc mine exploration in Wumeng Mountain.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 51-58 [Abstract] ( 70 ) RICH HTML PDF (6071 KB)  ( 80 )
59 Analysis on the disaster-pregnancy geological conditions of collapse and landslide in Beichuan County, Sichuan Province
LIU Teng, REN Rui, KUANG Ye, YANG Chengcheng, YI Pengfei, TAO Qingyu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.08
Affected by Longmenshan fault tectonic zone and the post-earthquake effect of “5.12” mega earthquake, the geological environment of Beichuan County is of unusual complexity and fragility, and the geological disasters occurred frequently in this area during the flood season. On the basis of the investigation of the disaster-pregnancy geological conditions in the wild, the authors collected geological disasters data and summarized the overall characteristics of the development and distribution of geological disasters in this region. Based on GIS, the authors analyzed disaster-pregnancy geological conditions of collapse and landslide, and studied the correlation between geological disasters and topographic conditions (elevation, height difference, slope, plane and profile curvature, relief, gully density, distance from water system), stratigraphic and lithological conditions (engineering geological rock group), geological structural conditions (fault), post-earthquake effects (seismic intensity), slope structure and human engineering activities (distance from road). The results show that geological structure, land use type, slope structure, slope and profile curvature are the most important geological conditions for landslide development, and the advantageous interval for the landslides development in each disaster-pregnancy condition is given. The collapse is controlled by the engineering geological rock group, distance from water system and seismic intensity. Considering the main disaster-pregnancy conditions in Beichuan County, the county can be divided into five major disaster-pregnancy geological conditions zones. And disaster-pregnancy characteristics and development laws of each area were described in detail. The further understanding of disaster-pregnancy geological conditions of collapse and landslide in Beichuan County can improve the local disaster prevention and mitigation system, and provide some references for other geological disaster risk investigation and evaluation projects.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 59-66 [Abstract] ( 63 ) RICH HTML PDF (7876 KB)  ( 50 )
67 Comprehensive study on groundwater emergency sources: A case study of Tangshan plain area
LI Duo, BI Pan, ZHANG Ke, LI Zheng, LIU Yang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.09
To calibrate the exploration, assessment, study content and procedures of groundwater emergency sources, the authors took the plain area of Tangshan as a case study in this paper. Comprehensive analysis and numerical modelling were applied to summarize the locating principle of groundwater emergency sources, according to the characteristics of water supply and environmental constrain. The research contents and steps of the groundwater emergency sources were discussed, and the concept of groundwater allowable withdrawal were put forward. The research results include the identification of hydrogeological conditions and location of groundwater emergency sources, establishment of groundwater model, and assessment of emergency withdrawal and restorability of groundwater resource, with the consideration of environment constrain and sustainable development and utilization. The research about groundwater emergency sources in the plain region of Tangshan City indicates this groundwater source is far from the current water source, with good hydrogeological and recharge condition, and preferable water quality. The emergency withdrawal is about 9×104 m3/d, and the restorability is good after pumping stops. These results exhibit guidance for exploration and assessment of groundwater emergency sources.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 67-75 [Abstract] ( 81 ) RICH HTML PDF (4621 KB)  ( 73 )
76 Analysis of water environment characteristics and influencing factors in Luoshan County of Western Dabie Mountain
HUANG Jinyan, LI Xin, WU Feng, LUO Minxuan, YANG Tao, HU Gengxin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.10
Luoshan County in the Western Dabie Mountain is identified as a national ecological water source conservation area. In order to find out and evaluate the regional water environment quality, with the consideration of water function zoning, the researchers in this paper arranged 99 sampling points from south to north in 4 main river sections in Luoshan County. Eight indexes were selected for water quality analysis, including pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper and fluoride. The water environment quality in Luoshan Country is assessed according to single factor and composite index methods, combing with the soil geochemistry survey results. The results show that ① The comprehensive pollution index of water quality in Luoshan county is 0.41, belonging to light pollution of class III. The total nitrogen pollution index is 1.5, which is the most serious. The total phosphorus and Cu pollution index were close to 0, and the water body is uncontaminated. ② The water quality in the 5 out of 7 water functional zones have reached the standard and the whole water environment is good. The comprehensive pollution index of each water functional area is ranked as Xiaohuang River drinking water source area< Zhugan River reserve area<Xiaohuang River agricultural water use area<Huaihe River reserve area<Xiaohuang River Yuantou protection area<Shihe agricultural water use area<Xiaohuang River sewage control area. ③ Water pollution is closely related to soil environment, such as land use type, soil erosion degree and soil type, and the local water quality is comprehensively affected by natural and man-made protection factors. These results would provide references for water environment management and water ecological restoration in the research area.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 76-83 [Abstract] ( 76 ) RICH HTML PDF (6630 KB)  ( 106 )
84 Hydrochemical characteristics and circulation depth of geothermal water in coastal area of Tangshan City
NIU Zhaoxuan, NIU Xue, ZHANG Chenglong, CHEN Dongfang, DENG Zhihui
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.11
The southern coastal area of Tangshan City has abundant and complete geothermal resources, but the development and utilization efficiency of geothermal resources is low. The conventional application of geothermal resources is winter seafood breeding, which is too single and has caused serious resource waste. The geothermal system in the southern coastal area of Tangshan City was set as the research goal, and the water samples were selected to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water and estimate the thermal storage temperature and circulation depth in the study area. The results show that ①The exposed temperature of geothermal water in Binhai area of Tangshan City is 26~86 ℃, belonging to the medium and low temperature. The total dissolved solid (TDS) of the geothermal water is between 482 and 1 644 mg/L, with pH of 8.25~9.15, belonging to the high-salinity and weak-alkaline thermal water, and the chemical type is HCO3-Na. ② The thermal storage temperature in the study area can be divided into two ranges, about 60~70 ℃ and about 90~100 ℃, respectively, representing two geothermal water circulation systems. The calculated circulation depths are about 1 500~1 800 m and 2 400~2 700 m. The geothermal field in the Binhai area of Tangshan City is geothermal system of medium-low temperature conduction, forming a geothermal system with the Guantao Formation as the main thermal reservoir. And the deep Yanshanian high-temperature granite (HDR) provides a continuous heat source. ③ The hydrothermal geothermal system in the study area has a continuous and stable high temperature heat source, however, it still has characteristics of large circulation depth, far away from the recharge area, making the water alternately circulates slowly. It is suggested that complete specification of geothermal exploration should be established to avoid effects of geothermal tail water on the environment, resource depletion and land subsidence during exploiting clean geothermal resources. This research would deepen the understanding of the thermal geothermal system in the southern coastal area of Tangshan City, and provide certain scientific basis for the development and utilization of regional geothermal resources.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 84-92 [Abstract] ( 67 ) RICH HTML PDF (5000 KB)  ( 144 )
93 Geological environmental suitability assessment of power transmission and transformation engineering based on analytic hierarchy process
XU Lai, JIANG Feng, WU Qianfeng, DING Lei, LIU Shuai
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2022.06.12
The evaluation of geological environment suitability is an important part of the location selection of the power transmission and transformation engineering. According to the characteristics of the geological environment factors affecting the construction and safe operation of the power transmission and transformation engineering in Suyu area, the authors chose 8 factors as evaluation indicators, including bearing capacity, liquefaction index, seismic structure, ground motion peak acceleration, ground elevation, terrain slope, river system and road network density, and the weight of each factor is determined by the method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). On this basis, the suitability classification map of the transmission line project in the Suyu area is obtained, using the multi-factor spatial fitting function of GIS. The results show that the Suyu area is basically belonging to suitable and relatively suitable zones for power transmission and transformation engineering, except for Luoma Lake system. While the areas around Tan-Lu fault zone belong to poor suitable zones, affecting by the fracturing structure, which needed to be avoided.
2022 Vol. 9 (6): 93-99 [Abstract] ( 62 ) RICH HTML PDF (3447 KB)  ( 230 )
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