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2023 Vol. 10, No. 2
Published: 2023-04-20
 
1 Research progress and prospect of geological informatization construction
TAN Yongjie, WEN Min
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.01
Based on the understanding of geological work and the practice of geological informatization research for years, the authors in this research systematically discussed the basic connotation of geological informatization, and divided the development process of geological informatization into three stages as digitalization, networking and big data era, with the summarization of the main characteristics and landmark achievements of geological informatization in each stage. Besides, 10 representative achievements of geological informatization in the past 20 years have been proposed, in aspect of geological data resource construction, geological work mainstream informatization, geological data sharing and information service, geological information infrastructure construction, and geological information application in major projects. The achievements of geological information are believed to be rich, and adaptable to contemporary development, which made important contributions to the improvement of quality and efficiency and modernization of geological work. The defects in geological informatization, such as the diversity of data formats, the difficulty of integration, and the insufficient integration of information technology with geological research, have been analyzed. The development directions for the geological informatization were proposed, including strengthening the research of geological data model and data collection standards, integrating the data resources, perfecting the digital geological survey system, optimizing the information model and the deployment mode of management information system, and improving the framework of “Geo-Cloud”.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 1-9 [Abstract] ( 133 ) RICH HTML PDF (2853 KB)  ( 262 )
10 Geological characteristics and prospecting significance of Gao'aobei quartz-veinlets-zone type W-Mo deposit in Rucheng County, Hunan Province
LIU Yangsheng, HU Siqi, XIAO Lin, ZHAN Junyi, LI Lixing, YAN Fugui, TIAN Junwei, YI Yuanshun
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.02
Based on previous survey and detailed study, the authors focused on the characteristics of the ore-bearing quartz veins and investigated the multistage magmatic activities and mineralization. Besides, the horizontal zoning of metal element and vertical zoning of W-Mo deposit were also summarized. The Gao'aobei deposit belongs to a veinlets-zone type W-Mo deposit that formed at Early Yanshanian period. The W-Mo deposit is characterized by 0.5-5 cm W-Mo-bearing veinlets or micro-veinlets, filling into the upper parts of Indosinian biotite monzogranite, and is covered by the hornfels of Xiangnan Formation in Cambrian, with complete metallogenic system. The quartz veins are distributed in all directions, and the optimum attitude is NWW strike and NNE dip. The main W-Mo orebody is continuous, with a feature of low grade and large tonnage. The main ore minerals are wolframite and molybdenite, with a vertical zoning developed as upper tungsten and lower molybdenum. The discovery of this large-scale veinlets-zone type W-Mo deposit is of great significance to prospecting the same deposits in future in Hunan Province.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 10-18 [Abstract] ( 86 ) RICH HTML PDF (28142 KB)  ( 215 )
19 Internal characterization and quantitative characterization of lacustrine microbial carbonate reservoirs in Santos Basin of Brazil
LI Jiemei, WU Junlai, CHEN Zan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.03
In recent years, microbial carbonate reservoir development technologies are the research frontier all over the world, with a certain number of achievements and cognition, while the refined reservoir description is relatively weak. Taking Cretaceous lacustrine microbial carbonate oil field in Santos Basin as an example, the authors in this paper have used outcrop, core, logging and seismic data to comprehensively analyze the lithologic characteristics, sedimentary, physical characteristics and main controlling factors in the study area. And the internal structure of the reservoir was classified and described, and the quantitative characterization method was thus established. The results show that: ① The study area was composed of three independent carbonate platform deposits, which could be subdivided into four subfaces: microbial limestone mound, high-energy grain bank, inter-mound depression and inter-platform depression. ② Microbial limestone, bioclastic granular limestone, scale granular limestone and stratified rock were the main reservoir rock types. ③ The reservoir was with good physical properties: the porosity was 4%-27% with an average of 12.5%, and the permeability was (0.01-3 000)×10-3 μm2 with an average of 120×10-3 μm2. ④ The development of reservoir was influenced by sedimentation and diagenesis, and the development of dominant reservoir was controlled by paleo structure. The effect of quasi-syngenetic dissolution on reservoir transformation was strengthened, and the bioclastic particles by periodic exposure and dissolution were filled into the inter-mound depression to form the high-porosity and high-permeability bands. ⑤ The inner structure of the reservoir in the study area was based on microbial limestone mound groups, which were subdivided into mound foundation, mound core, mound wing, inter-mound, and inter-mound sweet spot. The quantitative characterization method of cluster assemblage model had been established based on sedimentary facies and controlling factors of diagenetic facies, which has achieved good application effects in oil field development.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 19-27 [Abstract] ( 77 ) RICH HTML PDF (50481 KB)  ( 39 )
28 Geological characteristics and prospecting direction of Tangcunxu zinc polymetallic deposit in Nanling County, Anhui Province
LIU Hong, DING Hao, YAO Mingyu, ZHANG Xu, XIAO Wanfeng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.04
Exploration work has newly discovered zinc polymetallic deposit in Tangcunxu,Nanling County, An hui Province. Three zinc lead ore (mineralized) bodies and one molybdenum ore body have been delineated after drilling verification and analysis testing. The geological characteristics and deposit characteristics of the mining area were summarized, and it is found that the Zn ore is controlled by Wutong Formation in Devonian and Huang-longchuanshan Formation in Carboniferous. Besides, the Zn ore is closely related to the intrusion of brecciform granodiorite porphyry and damaged by fault F2, while the Mo ore body is formed inside the granodiorite. It is considered that the east area of fault F2 is the favorable position for the extension of the Zn ore body in NW direction, and the deep area around ZK104 borehole is the important position for Cu and Mo ore. The west area of fault F2 is the favorable position to search for contact metasomatic ore body, which provides a new idea for the prospecting work in this area.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 28-34 [Abstract] ( 78 ) RICH HTML PDF (21813 KB)  ( 186 )
35 Application of wide-filed electromagnetic method 3D inversion in the exploration of the manganese deposit in Northern Santonggou of Qinghai Province
LIN Jiafu, ZHANG Lei, MA Xinliang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.05
In order to achieve a breakthrough in deep prospecting and expand the scale of ore bodies in marine sedimentary manganese deposit of Northern Santonggou in Qinghai Province, the authors adopted geophysical prospecting work such as wide-field electromagnetic method and audio frequency magnetotelluric method. At present, the production practice is still based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional inversion to interpret the geological results, and it may lead to insufficient approximation of the inversion results with the actual geological conditions, which will directly affect the subsequent prospecting results. The tectonic characteristics of the mining area, the deep burial of the strata and rock mass, and the deep electrical characteristics of the ore bearing rock series were described in this paper, based on the 3D inversion results of the wide-field electromagnetic method and the known geological and drilling facts. The results show that the sedimentary center of the mining area has not been destroyed by the intrusive rock mass using 3D inversion model, and has the characteristics of intact preservation along the strike and large thickness in the deep. A number of characteristic horizons of manganese bearing rock series with alternating distribution of high and low resistivity existe in its core, which has good deep prospecting potential.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 35-41 [Abstract] ( 90 ) RICH HTML PDF (21686 KB)  ( 108 )
42 Chronological evidence of Cenozoic activity in the middle and southern part of Ailao Mountain-Red River fault zone
TIAN Peng, YANG Zhousheng, YU Congjun, SUN Bin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.06
Many achievements have been made in studying the tectonic evolution of Ailao Mountain-Red River fault zone by using isotopic chronology, but the thermal history evolution process has not been constructed from the low-temperature to high-temperature system. And the controversy exists in the starting time of the left-lateral strike-slip of the fault zone. The age data in the south central section of Ailao Mountain-Red River fault zone were summarized, and the age values from the same isotopic system turned to be younger from the southeast to the northwest, with less differences. The study area is divided into: north, middle and south section section, and T-t change curve is constructed using the low, medium and high temperature ages. The thermal history evolution shows that the fault zone has experienced two stages of cooling history. The temporal and spatial changes of cooling rate and uplift and denudation rate recorded the transmission of tensile strain from southeast to north, with gradually weakening of transformation tensile strength and fault activity during the transmission process. The activity process of the fault zone is finally divided into three stages: The immediate left walking sliding stage (35-20 Ma), The gradual stop stage of left-handed slipping (20-6 Ma), and the right-handed slipping stage (6 Ma to the present). The fault tectonic activity reflects the continuous adjustment process of the stress in the southeast margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the India-Eurasian plate collision.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 42-53 [Abstract] ( 92 ) RICH HTML PDF (14507 KB)  ( 67 )
54 Geochemical characteristics and genesis of oolitic limestones of Zhangxia Formation in Yanzibu area of Northern Jiangsu Province
WANG Guoqiang, ZHANG Fengming, WANG Bo, SHAN Yuyang, ZHOU Qizhong, HUANG Youbo
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.07
A wide-range thick-bedded oolitic limestone of Zhangxia Formation is exposed in Yanzibu area, which provides material for the study of paleo-ocean environment in Northern Jiangsu Province. The petrological and geochemical characteristics of oolitic limestone in the Lower Zhangxia Formation were analyzed by field observation, microscopic identification and geochemical test. The results show that the oolitic limestone in the study area is mainly composed of oolitic and bright crystal calcite cements. The distribution characteristics of trace elements and REE are consistent, indicating that the marine environment remained relatively stable during the depositional period of Zhangxia Formation. The geochemical characteristics of oolitic limestone were weakly affected by terrigenous contamination and diagenesis, which can be used for paleoenvironmental restoration. Based on the discriminant indexes of geochemistry and petrology, the authors concluded that oolitic limestone in the Lower Zhangxia Formation in the study area was formed in high-energy epicontinental sedimentary environment, which is hot, dry, evaporative and oxidized, which could provide an important basis for the restoration of Cambrian paleoenvironment in Northern Jiangsu Province.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 54-63 [Abstract] ( 90 ) RICH HTML PDF (15483 KB)  ( 83 )
64 Terrace sequences and its evolution since the Late Pleistocene in Bier River of Daliang Mountain area
YIN Zhiqiang, QU Tianyue, PANG Mingfei, SHAO Hai, DING Yi
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.08
The detailed information of regional active structures and geomorphic evolution were recorded by river terraces, which can provide evidence for the phased uplift of the Quaternary geomorphology. Zhaojue River Basin and its tributaries in Daliang Mountain of Sichuan Province are located in the transitional zone between Hengduan Mountains in the southeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the southwestern edge of Sichuan Basin, with the development of many river terraces and other layered landforms. The authors took a tributary of Zhaojue River- Bier River in the area as a case study to identify the three river terraces of Bier River, through the investigation of the terrace sequences, river alluvial sediments and 14C dating results. The T2 and T3 are the rock-seated terraces and T1 is a constructional terrace, with formation times of 27.75 ka B.P., 12.20 ka B.P., and 6.65 ka B.P.. The river incision rates of T3 and T2 are 0.59-1.29 mm/a and 1.26-4.50 mm/a respectively. The landform in the Daliangshan area of Western Sichuan has experienced at least two intermittent uplifts in the past 30 000 years, and the crustal uplift rate in the upper reaches of the river is faster than that in the middle and lower reaches of the river during the overall uplift process, with characteristics of tilting uplift. The terraces formation of T3, T2 and T1 has a certain correlation with the climate change in the study area, but the neotectonic activity is the dominant factor in the terraces formation of Bier River, which is of great significance for the river terraces sequence distribution and evolution in Western Sichuan since the Late Pleistocene.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 64-71 [Abstract] ( 85 ) RICH HTML PDF (17506 KB)  ( 101 )
72 Progress and perspective of marine geological carbon storage in China
CAO Ke, WU Linqiang, WANG Jianqiang, SUN Jianye, SUN Jing
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.09
In China, the potential of marine geological carbon storage is huge and the main target areas for carbon storage are well matched with the main carbon dioxide emission sources, which could provide an important way to achieve carbon neutrality. The authors of this paper have analyzed the necessity of marine geological carbon sto-rage and introduced its research progress at home and abroad. And the studies on regionalization, synergism of carbon storage and resource utilization, database construction and implementation of the demonstration projects of carbon storage have been pointed out to be the next working emphases. This research could provide data support and technology stock for carbon neutrality in China.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 72-76 [Abstract] ( 110 ) RICH HTML PDF (639 KB)  ( 323 )
77 Susceptibility assessment of geological disasters in Sishui County based on the coupling model of Information Content and Analytic Hierarchy Process method
LIU Kang, TIAN Chenlong, XU Fenglin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.10
Taking Sishui County as the study area, the researchers in this paper selected 9 evaluation factors, such as regional landforms, geological structure, lithology and engineering activity. Based on GIS data analysis function, the information value and weight of each factor were identified by Information Content and Analytic Hierarchy Process method to evaluate geological disasters susceptibility. The results show that the biggest information content located in low mountainous area, with slope of 28°-65°, west and northwest slope aspect, hard medium - thick layered clastic rock, shale and sandstone with limestone rock group, 700-730 mm rainfall and 0.10 g ground motion acceleration. The comprehensive weight value of each factor in descending order is 0.21 for regional landform, 0.16 for rainfall, 0.14 for slope, 0.10 for lithologic character and engineering activities, 0.09 for slope aspect, 0.07 for geological structure and earthquake, and 0.06 for river systems. The high-prone area is 294.26 km2, accounting for 26.30% of area proportion and 84.62% of disaster points proportion. The medium-prone area is 66.28 km2, accounting for 5.92% of area proportion and 15.38% of disaster points proportion. The low-prone area is 758.42 km2, accounting for 67.78% of area proportion. The rationality test of the susceptibility assessment shows that the CR of the three constructed matrices is 0.000, 0.013 and 0.020, which are all less than 0.100, indicating that the susceptibility evaluation is reasonable. This research results can provide theoretical basis for geological disaster prevention, land use planning and geological environment protection in the study area.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 77-86 [Abstract] ( 73 ) RICH HTML PDF (10378 KB)  ( 57 )
87 Effect evaluation of landslide emergency treatment based on automatic monitoring: A case study of Tianchigong landslide in Tongzi County of Guizhou Province
ZHANG Hui, MO Si, TAN Haiying
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.11
Landslide is the main type of geological hazard in mountain areas, which is a great threat to the important infrastructure. The research and monitoring about its formation mechanism is of great significance to the recognition and prevention of landslide. On the basis of field investigation of Tianchigong landslide, the authors in this paper comprehensively analyzed the landform, geomorphology, strata, lithology, geological structure and basic features of the landslide, and investigated the process of deformation and failure and the development trend in the landslide area. The horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of landslide surface, horizontal displacement of deep drilling, and the drilling gradient were monitored and comprehensively analyzed, combined with the comprehensive monitoring methods such as the real-time rainfall monitoring, drilling deep displacement monitoring and GNSS monitoring . The effect of the emergency treatment after landslide was evaluated based on the monitoring results. The results show that the stability of landslide is obviously improved after the emergency treatment, and the deformation trend is convergent. This research could provide technical support for the landslide rescue and the in-time operation of natural gas pipeline, and remarkable comprehensive benefits were obtained. The research vesults could provide important references for the emergency management of similar engineering landslide and effect evaluation.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 87-93 [Abstract] ( 63 ) RICH HTML PDF (4296 KB)  ( 168 )
94 Monitor and analysis of the influence on the geological environment of engineering site by the development and utilization of groundwater ground source heat pump system
LIANG Xinyang, MA Yao, CHEN Lei, ZHOU Yang, LIU Jianqiang, ZHANG Yage
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.12
Groundwater ground source heat pump system has outstanding advantages, but the system operation process has certain influence on groundwater water level, water temperature and water quality. So it is necessary to study the impact of the development and utilization of groundwater ground source heat pump system on the geological environment of the project site. In this paper, a groundwater ground source heat pump system engineering in a school of Guanzhong area and a groundwater ground source heat pump system engineering in a sales department of Southern Shaanxi area were selected for studying. The authors analysised the influence on geological conditions by monitoring the groundwater temperature, water level and water quality dynamic data during the operation of the project. The results show that the groundwater level recovers rapidly when the project is balanced, and the long-term operation of the ground source heat pump project will not change the regional water table significantly. In a complete heating and cooling year, the groundwater temperature at different depths of the well is in equilibrium. In the running process, water quality including cation and anion, total hardness, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids, pH value and hydrochemistry type had no obvious change. Cyanide, arsenic, mercury ions of toxic elements, volatile phenol, lead ions, chromium ions, copper ions were below the detection limit. Only zinc ions concentration operation was changed by engineering. This paper provides technical support for scientific popularizing and application of the groundwater ground source heat pump system, by analyzing the influence on geological conditions of engineering site caused by the development and utilization of groundwater ground source heat pump system.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 94-102 [Abstract] ( 76 ) RICH HTML PDF (9097 KB)  ( 42 )
103 Water ecological carrying capacity evaluation of Qinmang River Basin (Henan Section)
WANG Fei, ZHANG Dongmeng, YU Chao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.13
The identification of water carrying capacity in Qinmang River Basin (Henan Section) is imminent in order to protect the water ecological environment. The Driving-force Pressure Resistance State Response (DPRSR) model was adopted to evaluate the water ecological carrying capacity of Qinmang River Basin (Henan Section) from 2008 to 2018. Then the Vensim software was used to build a System Dynamics (SD) model to predict and analyze the water ecological carrying capacity in the future under different development modes (conventional development mode, comprehensive development mode and ecological priority development mode). The results show that the overall water ecological carrying capacity of Qinmang River Basin (Henan section) from 2008 to 2018 is critical preference. Under the comprehensive development model, the water ecological carrying capacity is within the bearable range, which is recommended as the optimal plan for the sustainable and healthy development of the water ecology and economic society of Qinmang River Basin. The results provides beneficial references for regional water ecological environment protection and social development strategy formulation.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 103-110 [Abstract] ( 65 ) RICH HTML PDF (2321 KB)  ( 105 )
111 Simulation on raindrop splash erosion process of loess in Yan'an hilly region
ZHAO Xiayu, QIU Mingming, ZHOU Zhanjiang, ZHAO Yanqiu, GUO Fuhang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2023.02.14
In order to reveal the raindrop splash erosion characteristics and evolution process of loess in Yan'an hilly region, the authors selected the soil of Late Pleistocene as the research object, and used self-made raindrop simulation test device with controllable rain diameter and rain intensity to conduct the raindrop splash erosion test on the raw loess collected from the shallow surface of the slope and investigate the influence law of rainfall intensity and rainfall duration on the erosion characteristics of loess. The results show that an approximately circular spattering pit is gradually formed on the surface of undisturbed loess under the continuous impact of raindrops, and the pattering pit changes from shallow to deep and from small to large. The development process of erosion depth with different rainfall duration can be described as rapid growth stage (0-10 min), slow growth stage (10-40 min) and stable development stage (40-60 min). The development of erosion depth, erosion damage diameter and erosion diffusion diameter with different rainfall duration showed a power function growth trend, and 0-10 min is the main growth stage of erosion deformation. The greater the rainfall intensity is, the more significant the soil erosion is. The erosion depth of 0-10 min accounted for more than 81% of the total erosion depth, and the lateral erosion range on the splash surface is stabilized gradually after the rainfall lasted for about 10 minutes. The erosion depth, erosion damage diameter and erosion diffusion diameter are positively correlated with rainfall intensity, and the erosion diffusion diameter D is about 2.71-3.55 times the erosion damage diameter D0. The heavy rainfall is an important factor that induces erosion disasters and water and soil erosion on loess slope, so the it is recommended to take protective measures to enhance the slope anti-erosion ability, including green planting, reinforcement and waterproof and drainage, which can reduce the occurrence of shallow water erosion disaster on loess slope. This research can provide reference for rainfall erosion disasters in loess region.
2023 Vol. 10 (2): 111-117 [Abstract] ( 75 ) RICH HTML PDF (21069 KB)  ( 89 )
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