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2024 Vol. 11, No. 1
Published: 2024-02-20
 
1 Progress in the strategic selection investigation of oil and gas resources in northern important basins
LI Qingyao, GAO Yongjin, CHEN Yi, ZHANG Yuanyin, MIAO Miaoqing, WU Jianwei, HAN Miao, LIU Xufeng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.01
Abundant oil and gas resources are contained in northern important basins, which are also key areas for increasing storage and production of onshore oil and gas resources in China. The public welfare oil and gas geological surveys have focused on national needs since the 13th Five Year Plan, and the investigation and evaluation of oil and gas in the “four new” fields were also promoted, including new areas, new series, new types and new territories. And the reform of oil and gas production was also strongly supported, and new discoveries of oil and gas survey have been made in the western section of Shajingzi Structural Belt in Northwestern Tarim. Besides, many new progresses have been made in digital construction and area selection evaluation of Tarim Basin, and in oil and gas foundation investigation in Ordovician of Northeastern Tarim, Cambrian of Northwestern Tarim, Paleogene of Sanmenxia Basin, Carboniferous basic survey of Zhundong and its surrounding areas. In addition, two technological innovation achievements have formed, including the standard scheme of digital basin and the interpretation chart of resistivity polarization anomaly in Tarim Basin. The oil and gas exploration and extraction system reform in Xinjiang was also successfully supported with achieved practical results. And new breakthroughs would be quickly achieved in ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in Eastern Tarim Basin for enterprises, which would effectively promote local economic and social development.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 1-8 [Abstract] ( 62 ) RICH HTML PDF (5413 KB)  ( 167 )
9 New progress of gold mineral prospecting in Huayagou area of West Qinling
DU Wange, YAN Kang, GAO Yongbao, LI Guoying, GUO Wendi, TANG Yuanhe, YANG Ke, WEI Liyong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.02
In order to fully support and serve the new round of domestic mineral prospecting action for strategic minerals, the authors in “national gold key investigation area investigation and evaluation” program focus on the construction of large-scale gold resource base around the Gannan-Longnan, and conducted investigation and evaluation work of quartz vein type and tectonic alteration type gold minerals in Gansu Liziyuan-Huayagou key investigation area. The gold prospecting potential in Jiuzhanggou-Baguamiao section is still large, and 1 mineralized alteration zone and 4 mining sites (Yujiatang, West Huayagou, Madigou, Dashuigou) are discovered in central part of Huayagou-Dashuigou. The estimated potential gold resources of West Huayagou is verified to be 10.88 t by surface and drilling construction, with large-scale prospect. The next step includes strengthening the comprehensive study of the area, enlarging investigation level and carrying out deep verification in order to realize a breakthrough in mineral prospecting and safeguard nation energy security.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 9-15 [Abstract] ( 95 ) RICH HTML PDF (3941 KB)  ( 260 )
16 Combined model establishment for diamond primary ore prospecting method in Wafangdian of Liaoning Province
LIU Liguang, XIONG Zhiqiang, LI Helu, LIU Fuhai, ZHANG Huilong, WU Datian
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.03
In order to further expand the achievements of diamond exploration and submit newly added diamond resources, the authors in this paper take kimberlite-type diamond primary ore in Wafangdian of Liaoning Pro-vince as the key research object to summarize the prospecting model by applying geophysical, river system heavy sand, geochemical, remote sensing and three-dimensional geological methods. The combination model of three prospecting methods with short period and economy was established, including heavy sand method + high precision magnetic survey on the ground + engineering exposure (geochemical exploration), airborne geophysical prospecting + high-precision magnetic survey on the ground + heavy sand + engineering exposure (geochemical exploration), remote sensing + heavy sand + high precision magnetic survey on the ground + geochemical exploration + engineering exposure prospecting method. This work has important guiding significance for diamond exploration in Liaoning Province in the future.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 16-26 [Abstract] ( 54 ) RICH HTML PDF (5511 KB)  ( 84 )
27 Geological characteristics and prospecting criteria of Tianming gold deposit along the middle part of Xuefeng arc structure belt
LOU Yuanlin, ZENG Hao, ZHANG Zhiming, PAN Siyuan, LIU Xianhong, QIAN Jianli
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.04
Tianming gold deposit in Anhua County of Hunan Province is located in the middle part of Xuefeng arc structure belt of Jiangnan orogenic belt, and the metallogenic geological conditions of the gold deposit are superior. On the basis of the comprehensive study of regional data and exploration results and combined with the geological data such as geophysics, geochemistry, and remote sensing, the authors compared and analyzed the metallogenic geological environment, orebody distribution, ore characteristics and genesis characteristics of Tianming gold deposit its adjacent typical gold deposits. The metallogenic geological conditions and prospecting criteria in Tianming area were discussed to preliminarily establish the metallogenic model and comprehensive prospecting model of the deposit. Three nearly EW-trending broken alteration zones in Tianming gold deposit were exposed. The genetic types of this deposit are orogenic-remelting magmatic hydrothermal type, showing the zoning characteristics of quartz vein type and structural altered rock type in the vertical zoning. The research results could provide reference for the exploration of Tianming gold deposit and similar types of gold deposits.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 27-35 [Abstract] ( 57 ) RICH HTML PDF (6494 KB)  ( 206 )
36 Geothermal fluid properties and reserve calculation in Yishu Basin of Jilin Province
WANG Siwei, WANG Siwei, JIANG Feng, HE Shuangfeng, GAO He
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.05
Yishu Basin in Jilin Province has good water-rich strata and rich geothermal resources, indicating good development and utilization prospects. Based on the existing geothermal geological survey and evaluation data of Yishu Basin, the authors in this article combed and analyzed the hydrogeological and geothermal geological conditions of the basin, combined with relevant standards, specifications and hydrochemical methods. Besides, the occurrence conditions, hydrochemistry and isotope composition of geothermal fluids in the basin were also discussed, and the geothermal reserves were estimated using the parameters of thermal storage rock mass. The conclusion shows that the geothermal fluid in Yishu Basin mainly exists in the compressed water of deep clastic rock fissures and pores, and the formation conditions have high similarity and certain homology, which are low-temperature alkaline underground hot water with high total dissolved solids (TDS), fluorine containing, metasilicic acid and chemical type of HCO3--Na+. The composition of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes shows that the supply of underground hot water is mainly ancient precipitation, and the age of the geothermal water is 27 Ka. The geothermal fluid storage volume is 4.20×1010 m3, and the recoverable volume is 3 446.94×104 m3/a. The results of this research could provide scientific basis for the subsequent management, development and utilization of geothermal resources in the area.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 36-44 [Abstract] ( 69 ) RICH HTML PDF (3566 KB)  ( 98 )
45 Radon gas characteristics and activity analysis of hidden faults in Gangga Graben Basin of Dingri County
HU Junfeng, CHEN Yongling, DAI Xuejian, LI Huaiyuan, QIU Dong, YAN Hao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.06
The active faults impact of Gangga Graben Basin on the railway site selection cannot be ignored in the geological work in the early stage of China-Nepal Railway. Soil radon measurement work was carried out to identify the location and activity of boundary faults of Gangga graben basin and three horsts, and other hidden faults. The approximate positions of the three boundary faults in the east, west, and north of the basin were ascertained and the positions and extension directions of the faults on both sides of the three horsts were verified through measurement. The faults activity within the basin was analyzed, with the overall activity of the northern faults and eastern faults being stronger than that of the southern faults and western faults. This research could provide scientific basis for the site selection work of China-Nepal Railway.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 45-56 [Abstract] ( 51 ) RICH HTML PDF (7819 KB)  ( 58 )
57 Application of natural gamma energy spectrum method for paleobathymetric recovery during carbonate deposition: A case study of M55 sub-member of Guanjiaya section in Xing County of Shanxi Province
LIU Fan, LIAO Huihong, MEI Anxin, LIANG Ru, PENG Yu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.07
The paleobathymetric analysis is of great significance to the paleoenvironment reconstruction and tectonic evolution of the basin. At present, paleobathymetric recovery is mainly qualitative, with high requires of sample reliability and is easy to be limited by the data condition. The natural gamma energy spectrum method has the advantages of accessiblity, low cost and few controlled factors, and can be used to semi-quantitative paleobathymetric recovery based on bathymetric function. However, this method is mostly used in terrestrial clastic rock deposition and its suitability for marine carbonate rock deposition is not clear. Taking the M55 sub-member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Guanjiaya section of Ordos Basin as an example, the authors in this paper used the natural gamma energy spectrum method to reconstruct the paleobathymetry of carbonate sediments. This method has good consistency and same results obtained by carbon isotopic method, biological heritage method and rock fabric method. The credibility and practicability of natural gamma energy spectrum method in recovering paleobathymetric recovery was also proven.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 57-64 [Abstract] ( 80 ) RICH HTML PDF (2726 KB)  ( 119 )
65 Grain size characteristics and sedimentary environment of surface sediments in outer bay waters of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi
PANG Guotao, LI Wei, ZENG Jiao, XIE Lei, HU Yanbin, ZHANG Shengyuan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.08
The sediment particle size composition is a clear indicator of sedimentation, sedimentary environment, and sedimentary dynamic conditions. In order to understand the sedimentary characteristics of the outer bay waters of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi, 167 sets of surface sediment samples were measured for particle size, and analyzed for particle size parameter characteristics to divide the sediment types. The Pejrup triangle map was used for the partition of the sedimentary dynamic environment of the outer bay waters of Qinzhou Bay, and Gao-Collins particle size trend analysis method was used to summarize the migration trend of surface sediments in the study area. The results show that the surface sediments in the outer bay waters of Qinzhou Bay is mainly composed of silt and sand, with poor sorting ability. According to the Folk-Ward classification method, the authors divided the surface sediments in the outer bay waters of Qinzhou Bay into 12 types, and sandy silt, sandy mud and silt were the most widely distributed, accounting for 22.16%, 17.37%, and 14.97% of the total sample size, respectively. The analysis of sedimentary dynamics indicates that the sedimentary environment in the study area is complex, and the hydrodynamic forces is strong, which are generally characterized by a gradual weakening outward from the bay mouth. The trend analysis of particle size indicates that the sediment in the study area migrates towards the bay mouth and tidal deep channel (channel) as a whole. Comprehensive analysis shows that the sedimentary environment in the study area is mainly influenced by tidal currents, waves, and human activities. The research results could provide scientific references for port construction and the expansion of deepwater waterways.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 65-74 [Abstract] ( 58 ) RICH HTML PDF (5263 KB)  ( 95 )
75 Cause analysis and control measures of landslide in Yibin well site of Sichuan Province
XU Jiang, LUO Benquan, LI Qingchen, TANG Yunbo, WANG Cuilin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.09
An oil and gas well site in Gongxian County of Yibin in Sichuan Province is located on the ancient sliding accumulation body. Due to the excavation of the well site operation platform, the ancient sliding accumulation body was partially revived, and the ancient sliding accumulation body collapsed in March 2018, which was in the process of creeping deformation. According to the field survey, the landslide at the well site is tongue-shaped in plane, with a length of about 200 m and a width of about 150 m. The height difference between the front and rear edges of the landslide is about 35 m, and the thickness of the drilling structure slide is about 8m. It is estimated that the volume of the landslide is about 27×104 m3. The well site landslide is divided into four deformation areas on the plane, and a large number of tension fractures and uplift cracks were developed on the well site platform and the middle and back of the slide body, with cracks width of 4 to 8 cm and uplift height of 21 to 35 cm. The special terrain condition and soil layer structure cause the multi-layer sliding surface of the landslide. Considering that the landslide at the well site belongs to the situation of side-slip treatment, the selected treatment plan is mainly anti-slide pile + anchor cable + net spraying between piles + pile top connecting beam + retaining wall + cut-off drainage ditch, and the plan has passed the post-monitoring verification. The results show that the horizontal and vertical displacements of the anti-sliding piles at each monitoring point gradually converge and tend to be stable, and the stress of the anchor cable is in a gentle state with stable of 14 kN. This control scheme has good applicability, and provide design reference for related projects.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 75-82 [Abstract] ( 63 ) RICH HTML PDF (5468 KB)  ( 129 )
83 Evaluation of regional geological disaster susceptibility based on different coupling models: A case study of Shangcheng County of Henan Province
LIU Yue, SHEN Yusong, LI Xu, ZHANG Di
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.10
In order to explore the optimal evaluation model of geological disaster susceptibility, the authors take Shangcheng County as a case to analyze the influencing factors of geological disasters, combined with its geological conditions and geological disaster development characteristics. The evaluation index system was constructed using nine factors from three aspects of geographical environment, geological environment and human activities, which includes elevation, slope, aspect, profile curvature, vegetation coverage, engineering geological rock group, fault, road and water system. The weights of evidence (WofE) model, information value ( IV ) model and analytic hierarchy process-information value ( AHP-IV ) coupling model were used to analyze the susceptibility of geological disasters. The results show that the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve using the AHP-IV coupling model is the largest, and its evaluation effect the most more accurate, which is most suitable for the susceptibility evaluation of geological disasters in Shangcheng County. The extremely high-prone areas of geological disasters in Shangcheng County are distributed in strips along valleys and roads and the extremely high-prone areas are surrounded by the high-prone areas like clusters. While the middle and low-prone areas are mostly distributed in the northern plains with flat terrain and single lithology. The research results could provide scientific basis for local geological disaster prevention and control work, and also provide reference for geological disaster susceptibility zoning in similar areas.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 83-92 [Abstract] ( 47 ) RICH HTML PDF (5155 KB)  ( 94 )
93 Mechanism and stability analysis of typical landslide in pecan planting area of Ningguo City in Anhui Province: A case study of Shilingcun landslide
DENG Jialiang, HUANG Huang, WANG Yao, LI Yongming, WU Hao, HUANG Meng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.11
Ningguo pecan planting area is one of the most vulnerable areas of landslide disaster in Anhui Province with complex environmental and geological conditions, active human activities and abundant rainfall. The landslide in Shilingun in the eastern part of the planting area was selected as the research object, and the remote sensing, topographic survey and geological exploration were adopted to investigate the deformation characteristics, formation conditions, failure mechanism and stability of the landslide in detail, and prevention and control proposals were put forword. The results show that Shilingcun landslide is a small composite soil landslide controlled by the interface of foundation and cover. The stability coefficient is 0.854 3 (stability coefficient <1, unstable) under condition II (dead weight + continuous heavy rain), and it is in a creep state with greater possibility of resurrection. The main controlling factors are weak rock and soil structure and suitable topographic and geomorphic conditions, and the induced factors are heavy rainfall and human engineering activities. It is suggested that the natural slopes in the planting area should be treated with engineering method, the picking pecans method should be changed (such as using low-altitude hanging net picking) to restore vegetation and reduce soil erosion. The research results could provide important reference for the early identification, prevention and control of landslide disasters in planting areas and reduce the loss of people's lives and property.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 93-104 [Abstract] ( 43 ) RICH HTML PDF (7444 KB)  ( 366 )
105 Study on the interaction between heavy metal elements and other elements and bioavailability in the soil-maize system in Eastern Yinan of Shandong Province
KANG Pengyu, ZHANG Yong, XIAO Bingjian, LIANG Cheng, JIAO Yongxin, WANG Kaikai
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.12
In the background of high levels of heavy metal elements in Eastern Yinan, the authors collected 50 maize seed and root soil samples to investigate the interaction and bioavailability of heavy metal elements and trace elements closely related to human health in the soil-maize system. The content and enrichment characteristics of heavy metal elements and trace elements in the samples were statistically analyzed, and the interrelationship among the elements in maize seed and the root soil was explored through content analysis. The distribution patterns of heavy metal elements in maize roots, stems, leaves, seeds, and root soil were summarized and the safety of maize seeds was evaluated, by analyzing the content of heavy metal elements in corn roots, stems, leaves, seeds, and the forms of heavy metal elements in root soil. The results show that a significant difference of element content exists between maize root soil and maize seeds, and the enrichment coefficients of elements in maize seeds show significant- extremely significant positive correlation. As, Ni, Se in maize seeds have an antagonistic effect on the element content in the soil, while there is a synergistic effect among the elements in maize seeds. Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg are mainly enriched in leaves, while heavy metals Cr, Pb, Ni, and As are mainly enriched in roots. All the samples meet the relevant standards of green and pollution-free except one maize seed sample, indicating the good safety level of maize seeds in the study area. This study could provide geological support for high-quality agricultural development and comprehensive soil pollution control.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 105-113 [Abstract] ( 53 ) RICH HTML PDF (3004 KB)  ( 180 )
114 Evaluation of construction suitability of gentle slope based on geological survey: A case study of Jianyang central district of Nanping City in Fujian Province
ZHAN Long, TAN Guili, TANG Zhimin, CHEN Dong, ZHANG Jing, TONG Hanlin, CHEN Guoguang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2024.01.13
In order to construct the suitability evaluation system of gentle slope, and reasonably delimit development suitable area, general suitable area and forbidden construction area, the authors take the central district of Jianyang City in Fujian Province as the study case for scientific development and utilization of gentle slope resources. Based on comprehensive geological survey, the authors used small watershed as basic evaluation unit, and denudation terrace as a replacement for slope and fluctuation to conduct the evaluation of land resources with urban construction function. Geological hazard risk was assessed according to main indicators, including topographic slope, soil thickness, consistency of slope aspect and stratum occurrence, lithological construction and vegetation type. A multidimensional system of ecological protection importance and construction suitability was constructed to evaluate the construction suitability of gentle slope. The results show that the gentle slope suitable for urban construction in the central urban area of Jianyang is rich, mainly distributed in first-grade degradation terrace with little geological risk, including Yandun, Xinling, Xingtian, Jiangkou, Nanlin, Chi'an, Qinkou and other areas, which can be developed and utilized step by step according to the way of cluster development. Jianyang central district belongs to non-prone geological risk area, but the second-grade and third-grade degradation terrace in Xi'an and Shuiwei watershed have thick soil mass and steep slope with lanceolata and moso bamboo. Once the development boundary is unreasonable, these areas are easy to cause landslide and collapse and should be paid attention to. This research has some guiding effect on the rational development and utilization of low hills and gentle slopes in China.
2024 Vol. 11 (1): 114-124 [Abstract] ( 50 ) RICH HTML PDF (9523 KB)  ( 106 )
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