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2017 Vol. 4, No. 4
Published: 2017-08-20
Content
 
       Content
1 New progresses on marine geological survey-research in China
MO Jie, WANG Wenhai, PENG Nana, XU Chengde, ZHANG Deyu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.01
In recent decades, marine geological work in China has focused on geological structure, mineral resources, environmental disaster and probing technology in the coastal zone, offshore and jurisdictional sea area, edge sea of continental shelf and deep sea. A series of important achievements have been obtained. In the eight-year project named Marine comprehensive survey and evaluation in Chinese coastal waters, the following important achievements were obtained, such as 16 comprehensive survey sheets in the jurisdictional sea (scale: 1∶1 000 000), 13 comprehensive survey sheets (scale: 1∶250 000) and sea-sand resources evaluation of 9 blocks; the new discoveries of 3 large gas fields in Southeast Hainan Basin of the north of South China Sea, resources and environment atlas of the coastal region (scale: 1∶4 000 000); the new discovery of the topic named Process evolution of the South China Sea Deep; the new discovery of science drilling in continental shelf of South Yellow Sea, technology for exploration-exploit the nature gas field (Offshore Oil 981 drilling platform); probing technology and discovery for hydrate in the north of South China Sea (II-hydrate and cold spring of hydrate), and research progresses for probing technology and sample-collecting equipment in seabed. The important achievements above have greatly improved the degree, research level and comprehensive power of marine geological survey in China.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 1-8 [Abstract] ( 561 ) RICH HTML PDF (1822 KB)  ( 856 )
9 Metallogenic characteristics and prospecting potential of nickel deposits(points) in the periphery of Qaidam Basin
LEI Yanjun, HUANG Chaohui, LIU Changcai, ZHANG Kaicheng, WANG Hongying, LEI Aiquan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.02
In recent years, a series of nickel deposits (points) related to ultrabasic rocks have been discovered in the periphery of Qaidam Basin, Qinghai. According to current geological and mineral data, the authors summarized the metallogenic geological background, spatial distribution and metallogenic characteristics of the Cu-Ni sulfide deposits in the periphery of Qaidam Basin based on comprehensive analysis of current geological data. The four nickel metallogenic zones(the high-pressure mélange zone and Oulongbuluke block on the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, northern Kunlun aulacogen belt and middle Kunlun magma arc belt on the southern margin of Qaidam Basin)were pointed out in the periphery of Qaidam Basin. And the metallogenic characteristics of each nickel metallogenic zone were analyzed emphatically. Besides, the authors summarized the metallogenic model of the nickel deposits (the deeper liquation and the upper intrusion of mantle-derived magma), and the prospecting criteria (the outcrop of ore-bearing rock and the geophysical and geochemical anomaly). And the six prospecting potential areas of nickel minerals, including the Mangya Town - Lenghu Town located in the southern margin of Altyn in the west of the high-pressure mélange zone on the northern margin of Qaidam Basin , Wulan in the east of Oulongbuluke Block, Southern Binggou in the west of northern Kunlun aulacogen belt, Northwestern Xiarihamu in the east of northern Kunlun aulacogen belt, Xiarihamu-Southern Tuolahai and Bairiqili-Hatu in the middle of middle Kunlun magma arc belt, were delineated. The results of geological prospecting are of great significance to promote the exploration of the nickel deposits related to ultramafic rock bodies in the periphery of Qaidam Basin.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 9-16 [Abstract] ( 409 ) RICH HTML PDF (1875 KB)  ( 442 )
17 Metallogenic regularity of mercury deposits in Hunan Province
FU Shengyun, CHEN Jianfeng, LI Xiangyu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.03
Mercury is one of the dominant minerals in Hunan Province. Under the severe situation of current domestic mercury ore supply, the study about mercury ore prospecting direction can help to promote mercury ore prospecting exploration and has certain social and economic significance. Basic geological features and types of mercury mine in Hunan Province were introduced in this paper. Combining with the actual geological data, the ore-controlling factors were comprehensive analysis for mercury mine in Hunan Province. And the Hunan mercury metallogenic regularities and prospecting directions were initially proposed, with potential evaluation in recent years and elemental mercury geochemical distribution data. Many types of mercury deposits in Hunan Province were mainly formed in Yanshan period, and the most important ore-bearing strata are Cambrian and Devonian strata, which are in spatial distribution of Xiangxi mercury ore belt, following by distribution with a mercury in eastern Hunan.The strata, structure, magmatic rocks and geochemical anomaly are combined to decide the positioning of the mercury deposits.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 17-25 [Abstract] ( 419 ) RICH HTML PDF (1388 KB)  ( 655 )
26 Analysis of induced polarization anomaly for prospecting potentiality:A silver poly-metallic mine in Pangjiagou of Chengde
ZHEN Guangwei
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.04
The study area is a silver poly-metallic mine in Chengde, mainly related to volcanic activities which is continental facies in the Mesozoic Early Cretaceous Dabeigou period, and the mineralization areas are usually near volcanic pipes in favorable structural parts and lithology altered parts. In this paper, combined with the geological background and materials, the geophysical characteristics of the mine were studied and analyzed comprehensively. The results show that, resistivity and polarization anomalies are considered as important indirect geophysical prospecting signs. According to induced polarization anomaly, the EW structures exist widely in the study area, then NS, NE and NW structures. Six regions (IP1-IP6) are forecasted preliminarily as the target areas, of which the anomaly southern section of IP1 is the favorable region for gold mine, and the abnormalities of IP6 may have close relationships with the silver, lead and zinc ore bodies. Therefore, this research can be as a reference for prospecting in the future.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 26-30 [Abstract] ( 361 ) RICH HTML PDF (2503 KB)  ( 425 )
31 Geological characteristics of Lyuliangshan copper deposit in Qinghai Province
HAN Minqiang, LI Ying
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.05
Lyuliangshan copper deposit of Qinghai Province is located in the northern margin of the junction between Qaidam block and South Qilian block, and is one of the important polymetallic deposits in Western China. By studying the geological characteristics of Lyuliangshan copper deposit, the authors summarized the geological characteristics of the deposit. The ore bodies of the deposits are hosted in the metavolcanite of Cambrian-Ordovician Tanjianshan Group. The wall rock alteration is associated with silication, pyritization, chloritization, epidotization and sericitization. The main ore types are copper-bearing quratz vein type and copper-bearing altered rock type. Lyuliangshan copper deposit is of an alteration type in fracture zones. Above all, the authors summarized the ore-controlling factors and indicated the prospecting direction, and provided some new ideas for the copper exploration in Qinghai Province.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 31-40 [Abstract] ( 512 ) RICH HTML PDF (3356 KB)  ( 515 )
41 Petrological and geochemical characteristics of Jurassic rocks in the Youloushan area of Fengzhen city, Inner Mongolia
WU Jiafu, WANG Xiang, HUANG Jun
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.06
On the basis of the 1∶50 000 regional geological survey of Chahar Right Front Banner, Longsheng village, Xiguan village and Yongshan village, the authors preliminarily studied the characteristics of petrology, lithochemistry of rare earth and trace elements for Jurassic rocks in the Youloushan area. Enrichment factors are used to study mineralization. The enrichment and strong enrichment elements of Jurassic rocks are Ag, Pb, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, Hg, W, Bi and Mo, which shows that Jurassic magmatic activity provides the metallogenic hydrotherm. The characteristics of lithochemistry and geochemistry show that Jurassic rocks belong to aluminium saturation of super-saturation type of calc-alkaline series, and are the products in the encounter stage of magmatism. The rare earth elements distribution curve of porphyritic granite rocks exhibits a rightward steep dip, which shows the obvious separation between light and heavy rare earth elements. The rare earth elements distribution curve of quartz porphyry rocks exhibits a rightward gentle heeling, which shows an unobvious fractionation between light and heavy rare earth elements.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 41-49 [Abstract] ( 401 ) RICH HTML PDF (3988 KB)  ( 635 )
50 Main achievements in supplemental regional geological survey of 1∶250 000 Datong Sheet
ZHANG Zhaoqi, WANG Quan, WEI Yansheng, LIU Chengru, YANG Wubao, DUAN Chunsen, YANG Yaohua
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.07
The supplemental regional geological survey project of 1∶250 000 Datong Sheet has got productive achievements. (1) The division of tectonic units and the mineralogical compositions were studied, and characteristics of deformation and metamorphism on different tectonic units were also investigated. Evolution sequence and model of Early Precambrian tectonic events were determined. The Datong sheet area tectonic history was established. (2) A brand new view for rediscovering and deconstruction that Jining Group is consisted of metamorphic plutonic and metamorphic superficial crust rocks was proposed. Detailed investigation was carried out on the sedimentary layer in the area. The stratigraphic framework was established comprehensively and systematically. New data was collected on chronostratigraphic and biostratigraphic division.(3) The metamorphic plutonite in the sheet has been divided into four magmatic belts. Deconstruction and division for metamorphic plutonite in each belt has been done.(4) The spatial, petrochemical and geochemical characteristics for Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the area were discovered. The petrogenesis and tectonic background were analyzed.(5) Comprehensive and systematic research on metamorphism characteristics, metamorphic facies zone division and the characteristics of metamorphic minerals of Early Precambrian metamorphic rocks has been completed. The mineral assemblage and generation relationship on different massif has been ascertained. (6) The tectonic framework in the sheet was established by systematic research on tectonic features. The Early Precambrian structure-deformation styles were compartmentalized into four-time deformations belonging to Wutai and Luliang deformation-phase. The authors identified the matching relationship on fractures with different directions, phases and characters in the basins by investigating the Mesozoic tectonics in the area, and clarified the spatial distribution, properties, fracture combination and movement characteristics of the large-scale Majiatan thrust nappe belt located in western margin of Datong basin. This paper has great significance for research of Shanxi Meso-Cenozoic basin’s development.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 50-59 [Abstract] ( 475 ) RICH HTML PDF (3570 KB)  ( 827 )
60 Study on typomorphic mineral of pyrite in Lailishan tin deposit of Yunnan Province
WANG Dongli, SHEN Junfeng, DONG Guochen, LIU Shengqiang, ZHANG Hong, LI Jie
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.08
Lailishan tin deposit, located in the eastern of Himalayas -Tethys tectonic domain and the western margin of the southern section of Sanjiang tectonic belt, is one of the most famous tin polymetallic deposits in western Yunnan. To investigate its ore genesis and provide scientific basis for the exploration and prospecting, the authors studied typomorphic characteristics of pyrite in the mining area. A large number of pyrite grew within the mineralization stages of the Lailishan tin deposit. The authors researched the infrared spectrum of pyrite through Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The analysis results show that there were isomorphism substitutions of pyrite at different degrees and the difference between spectrogram and absorbancy of pyrite at different mineralization stages, and also show the characteristic peak shifting towards short wave from the first stage to the fourth stage. And the absorbance ratios of pyrite display the regular changes at different mineralization stages. The results above have some guiding significance for further prospecting in this area.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 60-66 [Abstract] ( 399 ) RICH HTML PDF (2394 KB)  ( 436 )
67 Discovery and significance on the seismite of Silurian Xiaoheba Formation in Baojing area of Northwestern Hunan
HU Bowen, LI Bin, LI Jianxin, WANG Yilin, LUO Qun
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.09
A set of sand-mud deposit was mainly developed in the Silurian Xiaoheba Formation in Baojing area of northwest Hunan Province. There are many typical seismite characteristics in some layers of Xiaoheba Formation, such as step micro-fault, pinch and swell structure, ball and pillow structure, load casts and flamy structure, liquefaction sandy dyke, liquefied fold, seismic fissure bed and autoclastic brecciated structure. Based on the vertical statistics of the seismite characteristics in well Baocan 1, Baocan 2 and Baocan 3, the authors identified 74 ancient seismic strata. According to the concept of seismic episode, the authors summarized the seismic episodes in Xiaoheba Formation. By transverse comparison of the seismic episodes in the wells, the authors found that the seismic episodes are mainly distributed in two members of Xiaoheba Formation. And then two active seismic periods and three seismic quiet periods during the Xiaoheba period have were identified. Through the relationship analysis of seismite characteristics, earthquake intensity and distance, combining with the tectonic setting of the study area, the authors found that the development of the seismites was controlled by the tectonic evolution of Baojing-Cili fault zone. The research results have important significance for the palaeostructure recovery, stratigraphic correlation and reservoir prediction.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 67-73 [Abstract] ( 452 ) RICH HTML PDF (6873 KB)  ( 336 )
74 Interface division and characteristics of the rocks density in the Northern Jiangsu Basin
XU Jianchun, Wu Chengping, LI Wenyong, WANG Xin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.10
Study on the density differences of different geological bodies is the geophysical precondition of gravity exploration. The division of density interface has a close relationship with the division of structural layers, and the determination and analysis of the strata (rocks) density is the important content of gravity exploration. On the basis of the density data of the outcrop rocks in the Northern Jiangsu Basin and the adjacent areas,the authors collated and summarized the rocks in the study area by division of the strata and intrusive rocks. And the vertical strata was divided into three super density layers (Cenozoic, Jurassic-Cretaceous and Archaean-Triassic), including two Ⅰ density interfaces and three Ⅱ density interfaces. Through the comprehensive analysis of strata density characteristics, the authors expatiated the relationship between the density characteristics of the strata and intrusive rocks and the gravity anomaly in gravity data interpretation, which provided a reliable precondition and basis for the gravity interpretation and oil exploration in the basin. The division of density interface has a close relationship with the regional structure and reservoir structure, and calculating the density interface or depth changes has a great significance in the regional structure research and petroleum exploration.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 74-79 [Abstract] ( 389 ) RICH HTML PDF (1697 KB)  ( 606 )
80 Study on current state of shallow underground water quality along shoreline of volcanic islands in western South China
GAN Huayang, LIN Jinqing, XIA Zhen, HE Haijun, LU Jianfei, HUANG Xiangqing, ZHANG Shunzhi
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.11
Separated by Qiongzhou Strait, Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island have similar climate and geological environment. Recently,with the quick development of economy and society, the extract and usage of underground water is becoming frequent and the problems of development against environment protection have become prominent. In order to understand the distribution, variation of underground water and the link between distribution, variation and environment, the authors drilled shallow underground monitoring wells, and then sampled and analyzed the samples in laboratory along Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island shorelines. The analysis results show that beside few wells, the concentration of total amount of dissolved solids (TDS) and the main ions (Cl-, SO42- and Na+) in underground water are at high level. TDS and Cl- have maximum concentration nearly to 39.00 g/L and 20.00 g/L respectively, and also are featured with relatively frequent vibration, revealing that the type of underground water changed from weak acidic and bicarbonate to Cl- types and are related with tidal cycles. Constrained by geological environment, the resilience of shallow underground in most wells falls into average or weak grade and the water quality is IV-V types, which will not change at least in shortterm. Therefore, the underground water quality has close relationship with geological environment and human activities, and it is probably affected by the release of deep ancient seawater. The influence factors of the underground water quality are complicated, so more attention should be paid to the further monitoring and research.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 80-87 [Abstract] ( 451 ) RICH HTML PDF (1661 KB)  ( 552 )
88 Remote sensing investigation and environmental impact analysis of tailing ponds in Shandong Province
ZHOU Yingjie, WANG Xiaohong, YAO Weiling, YANG Jinzhong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.12
The mine tailing pond is a huge environmental risk source with great potential danger. In order to realize remote sensing monitoring and analysis of the tailing ponds in Shandong Province, the authors carried out remote sensing interpretation of the tailing ponds by high resolution remote sensing images of the remote sensing satellite No.14 , No.24, No.5 and GF-2. The types, quantity, locations, size and using status of the existing tailing ponds in Shandong Province were found out. Until December 2015, there were 585 tailing ponds in Shandong Province, mostly iron and gold ore tailing ponds, and these tailing ponds were mainly located in the Jiaodong area(Yantai, Qingdao and Weihai). The field investigation and verification results show that the remote sensing investigation results were correct. The impacts of tailing ponds on environment were analyzed from land occupation and destruction, waste water pollution, dust pollution, potential geological hazards, etc. It is suggested that the relevant departments pay great attention and check the potential hazads of the tailing ponds in time.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 88-92 [Abstract] ( 459 ) RICH HTML PDF (1329 KB)  ( 741 )
93 Application of MapGIS image analysis system in making design drawing of regional gravity points
YANG Shengfa, ZHANG Xijun, WANG Fang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.04.13
In order to improve the design processes of regional gravity points,the authors took a scanned 1∶50 000 topographic map as the geographic base map, transformed the format of the scanned raster images, corrected the error of the standard map through the image processing and image analysis function module of MapGIS software, and designed the gravity points on the corrected raster image. The design drawing of regional gravity points corresponded with the actual positions. The research shows that the method is simple, rapid and of high-quality, and also convenient in timely extraction and digital management in the system.
2017 Vol. 4 (4): 93-98 [Abstract] ( 449 ) RICH HTML PDF (2043 KB)  ( 370 )
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