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2018 Vol. 5, No. 3
Published: 2018-06-20
 
1 Progresses in comprehensive survey of geological environment in pan-Pearl River Delta region
HUANG Changsheng, WANG Fangting, LI Qinghua, ZHAO Xinwen, LIU Guangning, YU Shaowen, LIU Huaiqing, GU Tao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.01
In recent years, the “Comprehensive Geological Environment Survey Project in Pan-Pearl River Delta region” organized and implemented by the China Geological Survey has achieved a number of important achievements and knowledge. The authors have combed the advantages of resources and environment conditions for green development in pan-Pearl River Delta region. The advantages include the following points: ①The advantages of selenium-rich arable land resources are obvious, which can effectively support the development of selenium-rich industry; ②The groundwater resources are abundant, the water quality is generally excellent, and the emergency/reserve water supply capability is strong; ③There are many types of typical and rare geological relics with high value, which can boost the development of tourism industry; ④There are a great number of geothermal resources, which are conducive to the layout and development of clean energy industry; ⑤The coastal zone has superior resources, but there are some geological environment problems such as coastal erosion and silting; ⑥The regional characteristics of mineral resources are distinct, and there is a great potential for the development of offshore energy resources; ⑦The overall engineering geological conditions are good. This paper points out some major geological environment problems that need to be paid attention to, such as local landslide geological disasters, karst collapse, water and soil pollution and ground subsidence. The authors found that the high background value of selenium in the soil of Pearl River estuary was the basis of the formation of selenium-rich rice, and probed the favorable areas for water exploration in the pressure tectonic zone of the red bed basin and the coordination degree between economic and social development and green and ecological environment in the process of urban agglomeration of Pan-Pearl River Delta. These progresses could provide support for regional territorial space planning, green industry development and ecological environment protection.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 435 ) RICH HTML PDF (9102 KB)  ( 247 )
11 Analysis on exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources of Guantao Formation geothermal reservoir in Gudao oilfield
QIN Yaojun, CHUAI Yunxiang, ZHAO Jichu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.02
Gudao oilfield is rich in medium and low temperature geothermal resources, and its rational exploitation and utilization is of great significance for the transformation from traditional fuels to new energy and for local economic development. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing previous exploration achievements, the authors found that Gudao oilfield was a high anomaly area of terrestrial heat flow, and that the average value of terrestrial heat flow was 72.62 mW/m2. The authors focused on the geothermal geological conditions of Guantao Formation geothermal reservoir. The results show that the geothermal reservoir thickness in the lower member of Guantao Formation is 106~145 m, and the average porosity is about 30%. The temperature of geothermal reservoir is 75.5~82 ℃ and the water inflow of drawdown per unit is 3.71~10.55 m3/(h·m). These features make the geothermal reservoir of the lower member of Guantao Formation the favorable development target. Using geothermal reservoir method, the authors calculated the geothermal resource quantity in the geothermal reservoir of the lower member of Guantao Formation, which was 3.745×1018 J and equivalent to 1.28×108 tons of standard coal. And the geothermal fluids storage capacity is about 60.87×108 m3. Using mining intensity method, the authors estimated the recoverable quantity of geothermal fluids, which was 253×104 m3/a and could support about 100 ×104 m2 heating area.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 11-16 [Abstract] ( 468 ) RICH HTML PDF (2064 KB)  ( 517 )
17 Analysis of metallogenic condition and prospect in Langqin Region, Qinghai Province
LUO Xiaoping
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.03
The 1∶50 000 scale geological and mineral survey has been conducted in Langqin Region of Tianjun County, Qinghai Province. Based on regional geological survey, measurement of stream sediment, and remote sensing interpretation and alteration information extraction, the project carried out rough exploration and anomalous verification of geophysical and geochemical survey, with comprehensive utilization of previous regional geology, geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing, mineral and other information. The metallogenic geological background and metallogenic conditions of copper, gold, silver, vanadium, chromium, nickel and other minerals in the study area were basically found out. Meanwhile, 45 stream sediment single element anomaly sites were identified, including 31 class B anomalous sites, 14 class C anomalous sites and 4 newfound metal ore (mineralized) points. The regional metallogenic prospection areas were identified and prospecting directions for minerals were also pointed out.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 17-26 [Abstract] ( 367 ) RICH HTML PDF (8975 KB)  ( 210 )
27 Geochemical characteristics and metallogenic prospect of Xinlin-Tayuan area in Heilongjiang Province
WU Rigen, ZHUANG Qian, LI Xinpeng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.04
Through statistical analysis of the 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey data of Xinlin-Tayuan area, and using multidisciplinary knowledge, the authors did factor analysis and dustering analysis of the average value, standard deviation, variation coefficient, correlation of geochemical parameters and elements spatial distribution characteristics of Au, Ag, As, Sb, Bi, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, W, Cr, Ni, Hg. The geochemical distribution of the elements and geological significance were summarized. Via comprehensive research on typical deposit of the study area, the authors also summarized the regional metallogenic geological and geochemical conditions. Combined with the interpretation of single-element anomalies and combination anomalies, the authors supposed that it was possible to find supergene lead-zinc polymetallic ore deposits in the northern part of the ore gathering area, while the southern part was a favorable area for concealed lead-zinc polymetallic ore.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 27-35 [Abstract] ( 378 ) RICH HTML PDF (4922 KB)  ( 329 )
36 Response of Late Jurassic anatectic granite to the Nenjiang-Heihe tectonic belt in Kolo area of Nenjiang
YANG Xiaoping, WANG Yan, YANG Chao, TAN Hongyan
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.05
Through the petrography research of the Nenjiang-Heihe tectonic belt, the authors found a set of anatectic granite body in Kolo area of Nenjiang. From the point of macroscopic view, the rock is an anatectic intrusive body of atypical granite with metasomatic texture, taxitic structure, and augen structure. The authors tested the age of the anatectic granite using zircon LA - ICP - MS U - Pb dating, and obtained three groups of discordant U-Pb age, which were 390 Ma, 157~163 Ma and 113 Ma. The age of 113 Ma represents late metamorphic thermal event age and the age of 157~163 Ma means the age of protolith crystallization. Througn comprehensive analysis of the anatectic granite formation, the authors supposed that it was mainly related to the anatexis under the thermal effect of the deep ductile shear in Nenjiang-Heihe fault. The division and determination of the anatectic granite provide new data for deeper study of the Mesozoic activity of Nenjiang-Heihe fault.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 36-42 [Abstract] ( 456 ) RICH HTML PDF (4978 KB)  ( 4603 )
43 Ages and geological significance of the river terrace of Datong River in Qilian Mountains
YU Hang, BU Fan, HU Daogong, ZHANG Xujiao, YANG Jinzhong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.06
Qilian Mountains are the key study areas for tectonic deformation and uplift of Tibetan Plateau. Since Early Pleistocene, the river terrace of Datong River has been the record of tectonic uplift and climate changes in Qilian Mountains. Ascertaining the ages and geological significance of the river terrace of Datong River is of great significance in analyzing the regional structure and climate changes in Qilian Mountains. Using ESR dating technique, the authors measured the section samples in Jiangcang Area of Datong River and acquired the rock strata ages, which were (42±4) ka B.P., (71±5) ka B.P., (121±12) ka B.P., (210±20) ka B.P. and (602±60) ka B.P. respectively. According to the dating results, the authors confirmed the section was formed in the environment of fluvial facies deposition, and that its ages were the periods of Jiuquan conglomerate and Gobi conglomerate in Middle and Late Pleistocene. And it showed that the river terrace of Datong River has been formed before 542~662 ka B.P., and that its formation might be influenced by the basin-mountain movement after Miocene Baiyanghe Formation or by the wrinkle deformation in Early Pleistocene in Qilian Mountains. The authors calculated the uplift rate via the dating results, and the results showed that the uplift rate was increasing from the late period of Middle Pleistocene to the middle period of Late Pleistocene, which reflected the enhancement of tectonic movement and climate changes in Datong River Basin and the rapid uplift of Jiangcang Area in Qilian Mountains. These conclusions could provide new proofs for the viewpoint that the northeastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has expanded in both area and volume.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 43-48 [Abstract] ( 341 ) RICH HTML PDF (2129 KB)  ( 524 )
49 New progresses and achievements of 1∶50 000 regional geological survey of Wuyinhurile Temple sheet and the other three sheets in Inner Mongolia
ZHAO Shengjin, YU Haiyang, ZHOU Yingshuai, LIU Zhihui, ZHANG Meng, PIAO Lili, WU Zhonghua, ZHANG Yulong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.07
The new progresses and achievements of 1∶50 000 regional geological survey of Wuyinhurile Temple sheet and the other three sheets in Inner Mongolia were as follows. Based on rock associations, animal and plant fossils and isotopic age, the authors redefined and divided the rock succession into sixteen lithostratigraphic mapping units. Abundant animal and plant fossils were found for the first time in a variety of sedimentary rock intervals, and the chronological frameworks of the sedimentary strata were established. The intrusive rocks were redivided into four mapping units, and the chronological frameworks of intrusive rocks were established. A large-scale ductile deformation zone was discovered and interpreted as an inverse-left-lateral ductile strike-slip fault of the late Middle Triassic period, which was the southern part of the NE-trending Ergun River-Alongshan ductile deformation domain. The authors have discovered twenty new mineral occurrences, including three metal mineral occurrences, six mineralization occurrences, nine non-metallic occurrences, and two mineralization occurrences. This paper also summarized the metallogenic regularity in the area, and delineated mineralization and prospecting target areas.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 49-55 [Abstract] ( 370 ) RICH HTML PDF (3007 KB)  ( 406 )
56 Sedimentary characteristics and prospecting significance of algal limestone in Qingxudong Formation of Lower Cambrian in Western Hunan-Eastern Guizhou
FU Shengyun, ZHANG Feng, ZENG Jiankang, LONG Guohua, DENG Lei, CHENG Yining, LI Dajiang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.08
Pb-Zn ore has been listed as a favorable mineral in Western Hunan and Eastern Guizhou, with large reserve, long development history and huge potential. Through comprehensively analyzing the previous bioherm data of Western Hunan and Eastern Guizhou, the authors introduced the sedimentary characteristics of algal limestone, and discussed the ore-controlling mechanism of algal limestone based on a series of geological data. The results show that the ore-forming materials are mainly derived from the absorption of Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions by algae and carbonate mud. The genesis of the deposit belongs to sedimentary deposit type, which has the characteristics of the post diagenetic stage. The junctions between algal reef limestone and different lithology and the nearby micro geochemical barrier zone are often rich in Pb-Zn ore body. The cross shape area at the point of contact between algal reef limestone and thin argillaceous dolomitic limestone in reef channel, is often rich in Pb-Zn ore body too. Pb-Zn rich bonanza mainly occurs in Qingxudong Formation limestone and is obviously controlled by the algal reef limestone. To meet the increasing needs of Pb-Zn ore at home and abroad, a further study of the controlling factors and enrichment law of stratigraphic lithofacies has important practical significance in guiding ore prospecting in this region.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 56-65 [Abstract] ( 344 ) RICH HTML PDF (4245 KB)  ( 549 )
66 Geochemical characteristics and palaeoenvironmental significance of the paleo-weathered crust at the Carboniferous bottom in Wudang of Guiyang
ZHANG Yingshuai, MAO Jiaren, WANG Qilin, XIAO Yu, WANG Ganlu
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.09
A well-preserved paleo-weathered crust of carbonate rocks is found at the bottom of Carboniferous Xiangbai Formation at Xiaoguankou Section of Wudang, Guiyang. Based on field observation and indoor comprehensive research, it can be referred that the paleo-weathered crust is mainly composed of grey-green or brick-red ferrous kaolinite claystone and limonite-bearing silty claystone. Al2O3, TiO2 and Fe2O3 as the major elements are rich in the paleo-weathered crust. SiO2 is leached slightly, but K2O, Na2O, CaO and MgO are leached seriously. Trace elements, including Sc, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ba, Th and Pb, are relatively enriched, and Sr, Mn as the soluble elements are leached. The indexes, including Sr/Cu, A/NK, A/CNK, OI and CIA, all indicate that the paleo-weathered crust should be formed under the tropical to subtropical paleoclimate conditions of strong weathering, torridity and humidity. In addition, due to the stability of the paleo-weathered crust and the lithological characteristics of parent-rock, the authors inferred that ancient karst landform including karst depression and highland had been widely developed during the formation of paleo-weathered crust.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 66-73 [Abstract] ( 421 ) RICH HTML PDF (4706 KB)  ( 332 )
74 Classification and metallogenic characteristics of sea sand resources in Hainan Island
TONG Changliang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.10
The sea sand resources in Hainan Island are rich with good quality, and the reserves are at the forefront of the whole country. The ilmenite, zircon and monazite are superion sea sand resources in Hainan Island. According to utilization, the sea sand resources can be mainly divided into three types: zircon-titanium placer, quartz placer and building placer. Based on data collection and sorting, the author discussed the distribution, exploration level, resource reserve, sedimentary environment and resource potential of the different types of sea sand resources. The results show that the highly explored zircon-titanium placer is mainly distributed in the Holocene strata of coastal areas and submarine terraces in Eastern Hainan, with big scale, high grade and good development condition. The quartz placer and building placer predominate in Western Hainan with good quality and low impurity content. The exploration degree is not great due to tidal sand ridge and estuarine delta in the shallow marine area, but prospect of the sea sand resources is quite good because of wide distribution, large thickness and good sand quality, indicating that these areas are the most favorable areas for exploration in the future. The metallogenic characteristics of sea sand resources in Hainan Island are as follows: ①wide distribution, huge scale and good development condition; ②main occurrence in Holocene strata; ③large sedimentary thickness and good longitudinal continuity; ④good sand quality with rich heavy minerals.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 74-80 [Abstract] ( 399 ) RICH HTML PDF (2311 KB)  ( 624 )
81 Remote sensing investigation of mineral resources development environment in Northeastern Xinjiang
WANG Hao, LI Li, LIU Xue, LI Hao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.11
To meet management requirements of the country and Ministry of Natural Resources, the remote sensing of mineral resources development environment in Northeastern Xinjiang was conducted in 2016. With combination of computer automatic extraction and man-computer interactive interpretation, and combination of indoor interpretation and field verification, the authors roughly ascertained the mine development, mine geological environment, mine environmental recovery management (including “Re-greening Project”) and execution of mineral resources planning situations in the study area. Based on the research results of the background data, and according to the influence degree of the geological environment, the authors carried out comprehensive evaluation of the regional mineral resources and the exploratory research on tailing composition. The monitoring results show that the mine development order in Northeastern Xinjiang is good overall and the mine geological environment has been partly improved. The monitoring results could provide some data support for the management of relevant departments, and for the next round planning of mineral resources in Xinjiang.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 81-88 [Abstract] ( 369 ) RICH HTML PDF (5424 KB)  ( 285 )
89 Study on risk zoning of coal mining water loss in Yulin-Shenmu coal mine area
YUAN Xidong, DENG Niandong, WANG Ke, SONG Yimin, ZHOU Yang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.12
Based on the geological data of Yulin-Shenmu coal mine area, the authors summarized space combination of coal seams and aquifers in the study area. With three-dimensional numerical simulation method, based on the plastic condition, failure criterion and stress criterion, the authors simulated the height of water flowing fractures for different space combination of the first coal seam and aquifers. After comparison between borehole detecting results and numerical simulation results, it shows that the numerical simulation method is feasible. According to the numerical simulation results, the spatial distribution of water flowing fractures height in Yulin-Shenmu coal mine area was illustrated, and the general distribution rules of water flowing fractures height were summarized in this paper. The risk of coal mining water loss in Yulin-Shenmu coal mine area was summarized and the risk zoning of coal mining water loss was also made through comparison between water flowing fractures height and overburden thickness of the first coal seam . Controlling the mining thickness of water loss area is helpful to coal mining water preserve. This study is of great theoretical and practical value for late production safety in Yulin-Shenmm coal mine area.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 89-94 [Abstract] ( 378 ) RICH HTML PDF (5954 KB)  ( 264 )
95 Gravity method application in tectonic characters and rock mass interpretation of Qilian Mountains
LU Lichun, JIANG Hong, WU Ronggao, ZHANG Pei, ZHANG Chong, LI Longfeng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2018.03.13
Based on geological, aeromagnetic and other data, and combined with measured physical properties of rock, the authors conducted a comprehensive research on Qilian Mountains (Zhangye and Gangcha areas) with the 1∶250 000 gravity data. The geological structure characteristics, geophysical characteristics, division of tectonic units and distribution of concealed and semi-concealed rock mass were studied. After many years’ gravity work in this area, the exploration area has reached nearly 30 000 km2. This paper has studied the characteristics of Bouguer gravity field based on gravity data and has divided the anomaly units. The geological tectonic units have been redivided and the major faults have been discussed. Concealed and semi-concealed rock mass have been identified and the spatial distributions have been speculated and interpreted. The results show that the partition and stratification of the crust density structure in Qilian Mountains are obvious, and that the partition characteristics of the Bouguer gravity anomaly field are basically the same with the partition characteristics of the geological structure. The combination of 2.5D gravity section inversion confirms the new speculations. The results will provide some reference for comprehensive geological and geophysical prospecting.
2018 Vol. 5 (3): 95-103 [Abstract] ( 398 ) RICH HTML PDF (8324 KB)  ( 201 )
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