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2017 Vol. 4, No. 2
Published: 2017-04-20
 
1 Progresses of gas hydrate resources exploration in sea area
YANG Shengxiong, LIANG Jinqiang, LIU Changling, SHA Zhibin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.01
According to the project Gas Hydrate Resources Exploration in Sea Area organized by the China Geological Survey in recent years, the gas hydrate exploration in the northern South China Sea, environmental monitoring and evaluation and the research of gas hydrate accumulation theory, the key test-mining technology and experimental simulation were carried out. A large amount of basic data was obtained and a series of breakthroughs and original achievements were made. The gas hydrate reserves in sea area of our country were initially proved. All of these results provided a strong support for the implementation of test-mining work. This project fully supports the construction of the Natural Gas Hydrate Engineering Technology Center of China Geological Survey, Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR) Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources and Ministry of Land and Resources (MLR) Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Hydrate. It promotes the deep integration of technological innovation and geological survey, and encourags the science progress of gas hydrate.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 1-8 [Abstract] ( 613 ) RICH HTML PDF (3419 KB)  ( 576 )
9 New cognition and discovery of rare earth deposits in the Xiaolonghe tin-REE polymetallic orefield of Tengchong in Yunnan Province
LI Jianzhong, LU Shenglin, WU Wenxian, DING Jun, WANG Baodi, ZHAO Zuoxin, CUI Ziliang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.02
By the analogy and contrast of the primary structure, alteration and mineralization in Guyong rock body of Xiaolonghe area in Tengchong city, combining with tectonic geochemistry,geochronology and preliminary investigation, pervasive hydrothermal alteration, intrusive breccia and large REE ore bodies were discovered. And the rare metals (Rb and Nb) and scare metal (Ga) were accompanied. Also the synmagmatic faults were found in the later period. The U-Pb ages for the monazite and zircon of the altered granitic rocks are (75.61±0.47) Ma and (75.68 ± 0.72) Ma, and the U-Pb ages for the cassiterite and zircon of the biotite K-feldspar granites are (76.3 ± 3.2) Ma and (77.29 ± 0.54) Ma. These ages are very close, which reflects that they may be the products of tectonic activities at later period of the magmatic action.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 9-13 [Abstract] ( 458 ) RICH HTML PDF (3871 KB)  ( 386 )
22 Geological characteristics of fluorite ore deposits and division of fluorite metallogenic belts in Hunan Province
FU Shengyun, TANG Fenpei, LI Dajiang, HUANG Gefei, LUO Xiaoya, ZENG Yong, DENG Lei, XIAO Donggui
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.03
Fluorite ore is a dominant mineral in Hunan Province, because of large resource, multifarious types, a long history of development and great prospecting potential. With the growing demand of fluorite ore at home and abroad, important practical significance has shown in further study of controlling factors and enrichment regularity of fluorite ore. This paper introduces metallogenic geological background, resource characteristics, ore-controlling factors and fluorite ore types in Hunan Province. On the basis of the actual geological data, this paper analyzes the mineralization distribution of fluorite ore, summarizes the metallogenic geological characteristics of fluorite ore, and divides the metallogenic series of fluorite deposits. The further prospecting work of fluorite deposit includes mineral resources potential evaluation, mineral survey and exploration in Hunan Province.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 22-31 [Abstract] ( 516 ) RICH HTML PDF (3111 KB)  ( 373 )
32 Geological research of Shuiyindong gold deposit in Zhenfeng County, Guizhou Province
LIU Jianzhong, YANG Chenfu, WANG Zepeng, WANG Dafu, QI Liansu, LI Junhai, HU Chengwei, XU Liangyi
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.04
As a blind super-large gold deposit, Shuiyindong gold deposit is located in the gold triangle area of Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi, with the reserves of 260.45 t and burial depth between 150 and 1 400 m. Shuiyindong gold deposit is still in the peripheral and primary exploration stage, although it has a development history of over 10 years. The authors systematically summarized the geologic characterizations, fluid properties, ore-forming material sources, metallogenetic causes, metallogenetic factors, metallogenic mechanisms, metallogenic model and ore-hunting evidences and models, through exploration, exploitation and comprehensive research. The results can help enrich the Carlin-type gold ore-forming rule, which can be represented by Shuiyingdong blind gold deposit, and provide theoretical support for ore exploration breakthroughs.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 32-41 [Abstract] ( 519 ) RICH HTML PDF (4921 KB)  ( 795 )
42 Geochronology and geochemical characteristic of monzonitic granite in Ganjin Mountain of Inner Mongolia
GAO Jian, MA Gang, ZOU Yunxin, REN Chaojun, YU Shuangshuang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.05
By investigating the geochronology and petrogeochemistry of monzonitic granite in Ganjin Mountain, Ejinaqi, Inner Mongolia, the intruding age and tectonic background are discussed. The zircon U-Pb weighted average age is considered to be (276.63±0.84) Ma by using LA-ICP-MS method, constraining its formation age to be Early Permian. Lithological and geochemical characteristics indicate that the monzonitic granite belongs to subaluminous-peraluminous and calc-alkaline series, with A/CNK ratios of 0.97-1.15 and σ values of 1.64-1.96. The monzonitic granite is rich in large ion lithophyte elements (LILE, e.g., Rb, Ba, Sr), high field strength elements (HFSE, e.g., Th, U, Zr), and LREE with negative euanomolies on the chondrite-normalized diagram, and its LREEs and HREEs are not obviously differentiated. They share affinities with syn-orogenic I-type granites, indicating they formed in a continental arc setting. It is suggested that the monzonitic granite was generated during late Hercynian movement in Ganjin area. The time that terranes on both sides of the Hongshishan-Lujing rifting belt converged was limited to Early Permian.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 42-50 [Abstract] ( 410 ) RICH HTML PDF (5696 KB)  ( 274 )
51 Geochemical characteristics and their implications of Upper Triassic Baiguowan Formation in Xichang Basin, Sichuan Province
BAI Xianzhou, WEN Long, WANG Yuting, FU Guotong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.06
Through the comprehensive research on major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements of the clastic rocks in Upper Triassic Baiguowan Formation of Xichang Basin Sichuan Province, this research found that the major elements are rich in SiO2, CaO and P2O5 , and lack of Al2O3, TFe2O3, MgO, Na2O and K2O. The trace elements are rich in Zr, Cs, Th and U. The capacity of rare earth elements are relatively higher. The fractionation of light and heavy rare earth elements is obvious. The light rare earth elements is richer than the heavy ones, and have medium negative europium anomaly. The provenance of Baiguowan Formation in Xichang Basin is felsic rocks and passive continental margin area. The climate period experienced the process from humid to arid and to humid and arid again. Compositional maturity of Baiguowan Formation rocks is generally low, and shows the variation from high to low, and to high and low again. The variation is negatively correlated with chemical alteration index(CIA). This paper provides basic data for the study of environmental evolution of Late Triassic.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 51-58 [Abstract] ( 393 ) RICH HTML PDF (1748 KB)  ( 248 )
59 Study on typomorphic characteristics of muscovites in Lailishan tin deposit of Yunnan Province
WANG Dongli, SHEN Junfeng, DONG Guochen, LIU Shengqiang, ZHANG Hong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.07
Lailishan tin deposit is one of the most famous tin polymetallic deposits in western Yunnan. To investigate its ore genesis and provide scientific basis for exploration and prospecting, the authors studied typomorphic characteristics of muscovites in the mining area. The results show that muscovite is one of the most dominant minerals in this mining area, which is mainly distributed in the first and second mineralization stage and the adjacent wall rocks. The authors found that the muscovites of mineralization stages are mostly spatulate or flabellate (stellated) aggregation under optical microscope. And the muscovites of the wall rocks are mostly subhedral-euhedral and have clear cleavage. The EPMA data indicate that muscovites of different mineralization stages have different compositions, which show that the genesis of the muscovites is affected by the metallogenic hydrothermal evolution. The muscovites of the wall rocks are typically phengite. The Na-Mg diagram indicates that the wall rocks were mostly formed in medium-low temperature and medium-high pressure. The metasandstones were formed in high pressure, and the hornstones were formed in medium-high pressure. The results of this study have a guiding significance for further prospecting in this area.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 59-65 [Abstract] ( 448 ) RICH HTML PDF (3166 KB)  ( 422 )
66 Distribution and provenance significance of detrital minerals in surface sediments under typical coastal water areas, Guangxi
XIA Zhen, LIN Jinqing, LIANG Kai, ZHANG Shunzhi, PAN Yi, SHI Yaohong, HUANG Xiangqing, CHEN Taihao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.08
By the subject named environmental geology survey and evaluation on the national typical coastal water areas, the authors analyzed the surface sediments, the types and distribution of sediments geomorphology in typical coastal water areas shallower than 20 m, Guangxi. And the content of detrital minerals, and their types distribution, variation and combination were studied on this basis. The results show that there are strong hydrodynamic and various ways of current influence on the study areas. And there are nearly 30 types of detrital minerals mainly including quartz, feldspar, ilmenite, mica, zircon, pyrite and glauconite, and rich in heavy minerals. Since the transgression during Early Holocene, the study areas evolved into the depositional environment of shallow-sea bays. And the types of detrital minerals are similar with those before, but their content is different, which is due to climate change and sea-level fluctuation. The types and content of detrital minerals, especially heavy minerals, in the study areas are different in different geological units, which are divided by surface sediments’ and geomorphic types. Heavy minerals combination have 2-3 sub-divisions in these study areas. And these sub-divisions and depositional environment are closely related. The results show that detrital minerals mainly originate from the weathering in onshore area, coastal erosion and river carrying, which indicates that detrital minerals are terrigenous.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 66-72 [Abstract] ( 336 ) RICH HTML PDF (1258 KB)  ( 553 )
73 Study on the characteristics of Quaternary pore water in Xuzhou City
JING Jiajun, TAO Wenjie, GUAN Zhen
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.09
Xuzhou is one of the 40 cities with severe water shortage in China. In recent years, the water shortage caused by the worse water quality is serious, because the surface water, as the source of city water, suffered from pollution. The main mining areas of Quaternary pore water is located in the county and township of Xuzhou, and previous work is not detail enough. On the basis of the analysis of economic development, hydrology geology investigation and irrigation and water conservancy survey,the authors studied the hydrogeological characteristics and summarized the enrichment law and characteristics of Quaternary pore water for reasonable development and protection through pumping experiments and analysis of previous data. The results show Quaternary pore water is mainly divided into two parts, phreatic water and confined water. The enrichment area of phreatic water is located in the high floodplain area of the Yellow River, with water supplies from atmospheric precipitation and river side runoff. And the water abundance of the other areas is poor. The water abundance and quality of Middle Pleistocene pore confined water in eastern area are better than those in western area, and the water abundance and quality of Lower Pleistocene, Pliocene and Miocene pore confined water in western area are better than those in eastern area. This paper can provide scientific basis for the reasonable development, management and protection for water resource.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 73-77 [Abstract] ( 357 ) RICH HTML PDF (1463 KB)  ( 275 )
78 Investigation of water inrush mechanism in iron mine, Zhushi, Hezhang County, Guizhou Province
WANG Lei, JIN Xianglin, AO Qianyong, YANG Shenggui, LUO Yunhong, GE Zhengzhi, CHENG Yongbo, ZHANG Jian
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.10
The Karst areas are widely distributed in Guizhou and rich mineral resources are distributed in these areas. Because of the high water abundance in the mineral layers and its top and bottom strata, the water hazard issues are quite critical in mine exploration. Large underground damming water body, being difficult to prevent for the high invisibility, is one of the major water bodies which cause the pit water inrush. It has important signficance for preventing the water hazard in the mining to clarify the causes and pit water inrush mechanism of large underground damming water body. Taking the 11·22 pit water inrush accident in Zhushi iron mine of Hezhang as an example, the authors made technology survey in pit water inrush. On the basis of analyzing Karst features on fault, underground run-off, presence status, water source types and various water body characteristics of pit water inrush, combining with the mine hydrogeological conditions, the authors revealed the formation mechanism of large underground damming water body in the Karst area, and clarified the characteristics and symptoms of pit water inrush. And it is concluded that water source of pit water inrush in Zhushi iron mine is large underground damming water body. The accident is caused by the Karst conduit break of large underground damming water body in excavation. The pit water inrush characteristics of large underground damming water body are unique. It is significant to carry out the work for preventing the pit water inrush, and take reasonable and feasible means in time.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 78-83 [Abstract] ( 373 ) RICH HTML PDF (1817 KB)  ( 121 )
84 Discussion on the clustering and large data architecture of geological data based on CitusDB
WU Jincheng, WANG Zhanchang, ZHANG Tao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.11
Geological data as important information of geological work, can be repeatedly utilized and provide long-term service. But the storage of geological data is decentralized because of decentralized management of geological data, which brings about widespread islanded service. And a lack of mechanisms and methods of information sharing and comprehensive utilization restricts better utilization of geological data. Geological data are clustered and deeply developed by the cutting-edge technologies in information field. And decentralized and isolated geological data are collected spreadly, and the information are explained, revealed and excavated from different aspects. So geological data clustering information service would better serve economic and social development. However, the multi-professional, multi-formatted and massive geological data have formed in long-term geological survey work. Related technical problems of large data would occur during geological data clustering. The authors introduced the geological data clustering information service mode and analyzed the distributed data operation mechanism of CitusDB software. Geological data clustering and large data service framework based on CitusDB software were discussed. This paper would provide some reference for the large geological data and information services.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 84-89 [Abstract] ( 434 ) RICH HTML PDF (1777 KB)  ( 707 )
90 Experimental study on the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in sand under different temperature conditions
WANG Lu, LI Duo
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.02.12
Temperature variation can change water environment, which causes the variation of adsorption and desorption of the ions in surroundings. The capability of preserve moisture and fertility in sand is worse than that in the other soil. Once the pollution of ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) happens in sand, the problems will be more serious. To provide theory and technology for preventing the pollution of ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) in sand, the authors studied the adsorption and transformation characteristics of ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) in coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand under different temperature conditions, based on the static adsorption experiment. The results show that in the setup temperature range, the lower the temperature is, the higher the adsorption capacity of ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) is, which indicates that the adsorption of ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) is inhibited by high temperature. And it is the cause that low exotherm of adsorption process can reduce the capability of equilibrium adsorption for ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N). The transform temperature of nitrification and denitrification is between 25℃ and 30℃. When the temperature is lower than the transform temperature, the reduction of adsorption capability for ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) is due to nitrification. And when the temperature is higher than the transform temperature, the reduction of adsorption capability for ammonium nitrogen (N H4+-N) is due to denitrification.
2017 Vol. 4 (2): 90-93 [Abstract] ( 324 ) RICH HTML PDF (981 KB)  ( 473 )
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