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2017 Vol. 4, No. 1
Published: 2017-02-20
Orignal Article
 
       Orignal Article
1 Progress of hydrogeology and environmental geology comprehensive survey in Karst area
XIA Riyuan, JIANG Zhongcheng, ZOU Shengzhang, CAO Jianhua, QIN Xiaoqun, SU Chuntian, LUO Weiqun, ZHOU Lixin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.01
Through the comprehensive investigation of hydrogeology and environmental geology in Karst area conducted by the China Geological Survey, the distribution regularity and development potential of Karst groundwater resources are identified. The environmental geological problems such as rocky desertification, groundwater pollution and waterlogging are discovered, and the control mechanism of karstification to oil and gas resources, mineral resources, Karst tourism resources, carbon cycle and environmental geological problems are revealed. The international big science program, Global Karst Dynamic System Resources and Environmental Effects, was launched. It has achieved significant scientific and technological innovation in Karst kinetics theory, Karst stalagmite high resolution dating, artificial carbon sequestration and Karst groundwater exploration. The water-rich model, well-formed model, effective development and utilization model and integrated management model in rocky desertification areas with different types of Karst groundwater are established and after practical tests they show a high value in application. The above results provide technical support for sustainable development and utilization of Karst water resources, comprehensive control of rocky desertification, prevention and control of groundwater pollution and poverty alleviation in Karst areas.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 535 ) RICH HTML PDF (4154 KB)  ( 950 )
11 Main achievements and knowledge of mineral resources potential evaluation in Central-southern China
PAN Zhongfang, ZHAO Xiaoming, WEI Daofang, XIE Xinquan, ZENG Chunfang, CHEN Xiqing
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.02
The main achievements and knowledge of mineral resource potential evaluation in Central-southern China are got by the project named ‘Technical requirements of national mineral resource potential evaluation’. In this paper, the authors analyzed metallogenic geological background, geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing, natural heavy fraction, metallogenic regularity, mineral resource prediction, metallogenesis and prospecting direction for 20 important minerals in Central- southern China. On the basis of metallogenic geological background analyses of the important mineral deposits and tectonic unit division, some new evidences and cognitions about boundary of Yangtze landmass and Wuyi-Yunkai orogenic belt are proposed. The comprehensive anomaly of the various kinds of geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing and natural heavy fraction, a serial of maps, and various kinds of data bases were determined through summarizing different tectofacies, metallogenesis in different eras, and spatial-temporal distribution characters of the important mineral deposits in this area. The important mineral resources potentials are quantitatively evaluated and mineral prospective areas are delineated. Besides the prospecting directions are indicated. These achievements will provide reliable foundation for the regional metallogenic regularities and promote the mineral exploration in Central-southern China.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 389 ) RICH HTML PDF (3031 KB)  ( 345 )
18 Fractal theory of suitability zoning structure of shallow geothermal energy
ZHOU Yang, DENG Niandong, WANG Feng, MU Genxu, LIU Jianqiang
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.03
Shallow geothermal energy, as a new environmentally friendly energy that can be regenerated, has broad prospects in the development and utilization. The reductionism method which has been used in studying linear problems, can be converted into the nonlinear processing method which is more in line with the geological conditions of nature by using the fractal theory because of the complicated regional geological conditions. This article discusses the fractal dimension of suitability zoning structure of shallow geothermal energy occurrence conditions and the relationship between the fractal dimension and size. Besides, the impact of the geometric properties of the planar landform on the fractal dimension values is also discussed. This research shows that shallow geothermal energy suitability zoning structure have obvious fractal characters, and its fractal dimension reflects the tortuous degree of suitability zoning outline. And the fractal number and the irregular degree of contour line established a positive relation. This article provides a new method to deal with the nonlinear problem for shallow geothermal energy investigation and evaluation, and has a strong theoretical and practical significance in application of fractal theory and shallow geothermal energy development.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 18-23 [Abstract] ( 396 ) RICH HTML PDF (1912 KB)  ( 357 )
24 Review on Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution in Shanxi uplift
WEI Rongzhu, LI Haobin, XU Chaolei, ZHANG Zhaoqi, LIU Chengru
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.04
The review about the Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution in Shanxi uplift is an important component for studying the North China Craton evolution and destruction process. The Shanxi area, in the center of North China Craton, is always in the transition zone whenever the lithosphere movement events like differential evolutions, tectonic transition, magmatic activity and physiognomy-reverse happen. This predominant location indicates the important significance of this area in North China Craton study. On the basis of the results of 1∶50 000 and 1∶250 000 geological surveys, the paper studys Mesozoic regional fracture, Cenozoic Fen-Wei rift valley and mountain uplift, analyze the following tectonic evolution processes: Mesozoic lithosphere in Shanxi uplift from thickening to thinning, the tectonic transition from compression to extension, and geomorphic pattern from “east-high, west-low” to “west-high, east-low”, and conclude that Meso-Cenozoic tectonic systems evolution is subjected to the uniform regional dynamic setting. The deep asthenosphere transformation is caused by the interaction between surrounding blocks. As asthenosphere sinks, lithosphere would become relatively thickening, and crust would extend in vertical and shrink in transverse. While asthenosphere upwells, lithosphere would become relatively thinning, and crust would extend in horizontal. Meso-Cenozoic tectonic deformation, sedimentary pattern and magmatic activity are controlled by asthenosphere transformation.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 24-34 [Abstract] ( 378 ) RICH HTML PDF (2437 KB)  ( 942 )
35 Aeromagnetic feature and structure units division in Xilinhot-Xiwuqi aera
WANG Weiping, WANG Defa, WU Chengping
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.05
Based on the 1∶50 000 aeromagnetic data in Xilinhot-Xiwuqi in 2009, aeromagnetic field feature of different structure units in this area were studied in this paper, combining with geology, remote sensing and gravity. The structural units were divided after comprehensive analysis. By comparison and analysis, this study find that the northern margin of North China Plate recognized from aeromagnetic is conformed to the structure from geological research, and the deep fault in northern Xilinhot should be indentified 10-20 km to north.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 35-38 [Abstract] ( 372 ) RICH HTML PDF (2807 KB)  ( 274 )
39 Geochemical characteristics of paleo-weathering crust of Permianbasalt in northwestern Guizhou
GUO Peipei, ZHANG Hai, LIU Jun, SANG Shihua, LI Yuanyuan, YANG Dechuang, HUANG Taizhong
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.06
Through the field investigation, sampling and test of basalt paleo-weathering crust in Emei Mountain, this paper has the following conclusions:(1) Emei basalt is widely outcropped in western Guizhou. The ancient climate of Late Permian is warm and wet, so it is helpful for the formation of paleo-weathering crust containing clay minerals of iron, titanium and aluminum. This weathering crust is controlled by the paleogeographic environment and the Emei basalt. (2) Compared to basalt, major elements in aluminum clay is characterized by rich TiO2, Al2O3, mild loss of SiO2, obvious loss of TFe and other main elements shows a great loss. And major elements in iron clay is characterized by rich TFe, TiO2, mild rich Al2O3. But compared to the aluminum clay, the TiO2 concentration is low, and SiO2 and other elements shows an obvious loss.(3)Due to frequent transgression of Late Permian, the lower part of paleo-weathering crust in areas with higher ground water levels, is in the reduction conditions. Fe is restored in soluble bivalent state or gets out of paleo-weathering crust under the effect of organic matter. Due to a stable state, Ti continues to save in clay minerals and is differentiated from Fe. Clay minerals and iron are sorted to form the differentiation of Fe and Al, Ti due to the density difference under the gravity differentiation in oxidation environment of local shallow water, along with the enrichment of titanium ore, iron ore and bauxite. The discovery of the enrichment regularity is of theoretical guiding significance to the exploration of the iron, titanium and aluminum ore.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 39-44 [Abstract] ( 439 ) RICH HTML PDF (1864 KB)  ( 800 )
45 Review on the inorganic geochemical methods of paleo-fluid study
GUOJia, NIU Bo
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.07
The study of paleo-fluid activity related to hydrocarbon accumulation helps us profoundly understand the oil and gas accumulation process. It has important significance on evaluating reservoir quality and analyzing paleo-fluid activity at different stages in oil and gas accumulation process for economic objectives. At present, petroleum geologists at home and abroad mainly apply inorganic geochemical methods (isotope geochemistry, element geochemistry and fluid inclusion analysis) to analyze paleo-fluid activity characteristics and its influences on hydrocarbon accumulation. On the basis of analyzing the previous research achievements, this paper summarizes the latest research progresses of inorganic geochemical methods. And these following conclusions are found: isotope geochemistry method is suitable for analyzing the paleo-fluid source and causes of formation; element geochemical method is beneficial to trace the migration of hydrocarbon fluid; fluid inclusion analysis technique combined with petrography is helpful to analyze migration time, stages, phase, pathway and accumulation regularity of oil and gas, which can also indicate the favorable direction of migration and accumulation. Using inorganic geochemical methods to analyze paleo-fluid activity should not be limited to a single method. Comprehensive utilization of a variety of inorganic geochemistry methods will be more beneficial to the comprehensive analysis of paleo-fluid activity.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 45-49 [Abstract] ( 361 ) RICH HTML PDF (818 KB)  ( 482 )
50 Characteristics of airborne gravity field and the main geological discovery in the northern South Yellow Sea
ZHANG Xuanjie, ZHANG Wan, FAN Ziliang, ZHU Weiping, TONG Jing, YAO Guotao
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.08
The obvious anomalies of gravity field in the northern South Yellow Sea distribute in a gradient belt form, which reflects the main geological characteristics of structural framework with uplifts, depressions and faults in this area. The main structural framework of South Yellow Sea consists of NE-trending faults, and Jiashan-Xiangshui fault belt and north margin of South Yellow Sea fault belt formed the south boundary of Su-Lu orogenic belt together. The aeromagnetic and gravity data indicate that the Gongjiadao NW-trending deep fault, a new discovery, controls basement formation and magmatic rocks distribution in the northern South Yellow Sea. The Precambrian crystalline basement exists in northeast sag of northern depression in the South Yellow Sea from inversion and interpretation of magnetic and gravity data. The aero gravity data indicate that Jiaolai basin extends eastward into South Yellow Sea with maximum thickness of deposition up to 3 km. These new recognition and discovery can provide some solutions for further investigation of marine regional geology, oil-gas investigation, and other fundamental geological problems in the northern South Yellow Sea.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 50-56 [Abstract] ( 404 ) RICH HTML PDF (2818 KB)  ( 857 )
57 Distribution regularity,origin and quality division of high arsenic,fluorine and iodine contents in groundwater in Datong Basin
HAN Ying, ZHANG Hongmin, ZHANG Yongfeng, ZHANG Xin
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.09
In order to analyze the distribution and origin of arsenic, fluorine and iodine in groundwater in Datong Basin, groundwater quality zoning was classified. According to the latest series of test data of groundwater pollution, and the previous research of hydrogeology and hydrogeochemistry, the distribution of water chemical characteristic were compiled, including the contents of arsenic, fluorine and iodine in groundwater of Datong Basin, to reflect the spatial distribution regularity of high arsenic, fluorine and iodine contents groundwater in Datong Basin directly. The reasons for the formation of the high arsenic water were discussed through analyzing the relationships between pH, sulphate, nitrate, iron, manganese contents and arsenic contents. According to the relationships between pH, calcium ion, bicarbonate ion and fluorine, the causes of excessive fluorine were analyzed, and the similarity of distribution and origin of iodine and fluorine area was pointed out. The study results show that the surrounding strata with high arsenic and fluorine contents are the primary sources of arsenic and fluorine in groundwater. The specific lacustrine sedimentary environment provides the primary geological conditions for the enrichment of arsenic and iodine. The increase of fluorine in the northern part of Datong Basin is related to the moving of fluoride ion from the cohesive soil to the aquifer, because of the drop of underground water level. The high fluoride contents in the central region is related to the soil salinization. The lacustrine strata in the central region with rich salty clay is the primary geological factor of iodine enrichment, and the stagnant conditions of groundwater flow in alluvial depression area is the hydrodynamic factor of iodine enrichment. The intense evaporation and concentration under the dry climate conditions is con important factor for forming high fluorine and iodine contents groundwater. Based on the content distribution of the single component such as arsenic, fluorine, iodine, nitrate, nitrite, TDS, total hardness, ammonia nitrogen and so on, the authors carried out the quality division of the shallow and the middle and deep groundwater in Datong Basin by using the spatial analysis function of GIS. This paper would provide the geological basis for the development and utilization of the local groundwater.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 57-68 [Abstract] ( 365 ) RICH HTML PDF (4182 KB)  ( 893 )
69 Formation mechanism and stability evaluation of Mingshui middle school landslide in the Meixi River basin
LIAN Zhipeng, FU Yongpeng
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.10
Mingshui middle school landslide, located on the left bank of the Meixi River, is a typical loose deposits landslide. By analyzing the engineering geological conditions of the landslide, including slope structure, morphological characteristics, and deformation features, the formation of the landslide is considered to experience 4 steps: collapsing and accumulating→sliding→going slowly to stable state→moving again. The landslide deformation is qualitatively analyzed and the landslide stability is determined by the GEO-SLOPE software. The result shows that the slide body of this landslide is currently stable, but the front edge of landslide is close to the limit state in natural conditions, which is very likely to slide or collapse.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 69-73 [Abstract] ( 403 ) RICH HTML PDF (2068 KB)  ( 505 )
74 Bibliometric analysis of scientific papers supported by China Geological Survey Projects in 2015
SHI Jing, LIU Zhenfeng, WANG Xin, WANG Jingjiao, WANG Huan, ZHU Weiwei, CHAI Xinxia
DOI: 10.19388/j.zgdzdc.2017.01.11
On the basis of the SCI-E and CSCD scientific papers in 2015 supported by China Geological Survey Projects, this paper statistically analyzes projects investment, the number of papers collected by different databases, distribution of organizations, authors ranking, distribution of subjects, distribution of journals, and paper ratios of core journals by bibliometric methods. The result shows that the SCI-E and CSCD papers supported by China Geological Survey Projects increased greatly in 2015 than these in 2014, universities and colleges have advantages in papers output, and subject distribution mainly focuses on five major areas, such as basic front research, investigation and evaluation of mineral resources, exploration technology of mineral resources, geological environmental protection and disasters prevention, and land resource management and decision service. The paper ratios of foreign journals and core journals show better quality and higher level of academic influence.
2017 Vol. 4 (1): 74-78 [Abstract] ( 407 ) RICH HTML PDF (1201 KB)  ( 961 )
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